ʻO ke komo ʻana o Massoud Barzani i ka ʻaha kūkā nui o ka Justice and Development Party (AKP) he mea pono e nānā ʻia ma muli o ka nīnau Kurdish.Ma hope o ke kaua ʻo Iraq i ka makahiki 2003, he mea paʻakikī ke noʻonoʻo i kekahi lā e kipa aku ke kuhina nui o Tureke iā Arbil, ke kapikala KRG, a i ʻole ʻo kēia kuhina nui mai ka AKP. I ka wā i lilo ai ka AKP i ka mana ma 2002, ua manaʻo ʻo Iraqi Kurds e like ke kulekele o ke aupuni hou me ko nā aupuni kahiko ma Turkey. Ua manaʻo kekahi poʻe mai ka ʻaoʻao Kurdish e ʻae ke aupuni AKP i kahi kulekele ideological paha e kākoʻo ana i nā ʻaoʻao Islamic Iraqi Kurdish e kūʻē i nā ʻaoʻao Kurdish e noho mana ana, akā ʻaʻole i hiki. ʻAʻole i kākoʻo ʻo Ankara i ka mea i hana ʻia ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Sulaimaniya i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2011, i ka wā i kūʻē ai kekahi mau ʻaoʻao kūʻē, me nā hui Islam ʻelua, i ke aupuni KRG ma Arbil.
I kēia lā, ke hoʻāʻo nei ʻo Turkey e hana me nā ʻaoʻao a pau, me ka nānā ʻole i ka ʻaoʻao ideological, a wehewehe paha kēia i nā kono kūhelu i hoʻouna ʻia e ka AKP i nā alakaʻi Kurdish e komo i kā lākou ʻaha kūkā. ʻO ka mea nui no Turkey i kēia lā ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pono waiwai a me ka politika me ke aupuni KRG. He mea kupaianaha ka nui o ke kālepa ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua ma mua o $ 9 biliona. Ua like kēia me ka nui kālepa ma waena o Iran a me Turkey. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole like me ke kālepa ʻana me Iran, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao lanakila i kēia hui kālepa ʻo Turkey maoli nō. ʻO ka hopena, ke hoʻāʻo nei ʻo Turkey e lilo i mea paʻa i ka ʻāina, a ua maopopo kēia i ke alakaʻi Kurdish.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Iraqi Kurds e hoʻomaopopo i ke kulekele hou o Turkey iā lākou a me ka ʻāina, ʻoi loa ma hope o Ahmet Davutoğlu i lilo i Kuhina no nā ʻāina ʻē. ʻO ka hope, ua hoʻokipa lākou i ke kulekele hou o Turkey ma ke ʻano he manawa kūpono e hoʻoponopono ai i ka hihia Kurdish ma Turkey a no ka hoʻopili ʻana ma waena o Arbil a me Ankara. I nā manawa he nui, ua noi nā alakaʻi Kurdish Iraqi i ka Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) e hoʻokaʻawale i nā hana kaua a koho i ka hakakā politika i mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ka hihia Kurdish ma Turkey. Ua ʻike ke alakaʻi KRG i kahi manawa kūpono e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pilikia ma lalo o ke aupuni AKP; akā naʻe, ua nāwaliwali kēia mau manaʻolana me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hakakā ma 2010.
Ahaolelo AKP a me ke kono o Barzani
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua loaʻa ka pilina ma waena o Iraqi Kurds a me Tureke ma lalo o ke au o ke aupuni AKP, akā ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo e pili ana nā Iraqi Kurds me Turkey ma ke ʻano he aupuni AKP; i koʻu manaʻo, ʻo Iraqi Kurds i kēia lā ke hana nei me Turkey ma ke ʻano he mokuʻāina. Ke hana nei lākou me nā hui aupuni Turkish e like me ka Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Energy, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻaʻole ʻo ka AKP wale nō ka hui Turkish e hoʻouna i nā kono i nā alakaʻi Kurdish Iraqi e komo i nā hālāwai a me nā hālāwai kūkā; Ua hoʻouna ka Republican People's Party (CHP) i nā kono no ka CHP Arab Spring Conference, i mālama ʻia ma ʻApelila 28-29, no ke poʻo o nā pilina ʻē aʻe o ka Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) e komo.
ʻO nā kono kūhelu mai ka AKP i nā alakaʻi Kurdish Iraqi, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Pelekikena Barzani, e komo i ka ʻaha kūkā, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha, ʻaʻole wale no ka holomua o ka pilina o Turkish-Iraqi Kurd, akā no ka hana a Barzani e hoʻokani nei ma ke ʻano he mea paʻa. ma ka ʻāina. Hiki i kona kūlana honua ke wehewehe i ke kono. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke komo ʻana o Iraqi Kurdish e kōkua i nā kūlana nohona ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Hiki i nā hui Turkish a me nā mea kālepa Kurdish e pili ana me Turkey ke ʻoluʻolu i ka hana ʻoihana me kekahi.
ʻO ka'aha'ōlelo AKP a me kona hopena i ka pilina me Baghdad
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā pilikia like ʻole ke kumuhana o nā kūkākūkā ma waena o nā alakaʻi AKP a me ka ʻelele Kurdish, ʻoi aku ke kūlana ma Suria, nā pilina ma waena o Iraqi Kurds a me Baghdad a me ka hihia PKK. No laila ua hāʻawi ka ʻaha kūkā i kahi manawa no nā alakaʻi Kurdish e ʻike a hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻano hou o ka AKP e pili ana i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka hihia Kurdish ma Turkey a e kūkākūkā i nā mea hiki ke hana ʻo Iraqi Kurds e loaʻa ai kahi hoʻoponopono politika i kēlā pilikia, ʻoiai ma hope o nā ʻōlelo hou mai ʻO ke Kuhina Nui Recep Tayyip Erdoğan e pili ana i ka hiki ke wehe i nā kamaʻilio me Abdullah Öcalan.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke komo ʻana o nā alakaʻi Kurdish Iraqi i ka ʻaha kūkā o AKP e hoʻonui hou i ka deterioration ma waena o Ankara a me Baghdad, ʻoi aku ka nui ma hope o ka hōʻole ʻana o ke Kuhina Nui ʻo Iraqi ʻo Nouri al-Maliki e hele i ka ʻaha kūkā. Eia naʻe, ke manaʻo nei au hiki mai ke komo ʻana o Barzani i kahi manawa maikaʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā pilina. No nā Kurds he nui, ʻo Barzani kekahi o nā hōʻailona o ka lāhui Kurdish, a ʻo kona komo ʻana he leka ia e hōʻike ai e hiki i nā hui ʻelua (Turks a me Kurds) ke noho pū a kamaʻilio pū.
Ua komo ʻo Barzani i ka ʻaha kūkā o AKP ma ke ʻano he pelekikena o ka KRG a me ka pelekikena o ka KDP. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i hele pū me ia he mau luna kiʻekiʻe o ka KDP. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka hele ʻana o Barzani i hoʻokokoke i ka KDP i Turkey ma mua o ka Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), i alakaʻi ʻia e Jalal Talabani, ka pelekikena o Iraq i kēia manawa.
Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo ʻo ka hope pelekikena o ka KDP a me ke kuhina nui o KRG i kēia manawa, ʻo Nechervan Barzani, nā ʻenekini maoli o ka pilina Turkish-Iraqi Kurd, ua kūleʻa i ka mālama ʻana i nā alahaka ma waena o Ankara a me Arbil i ka wā o ka haunaele ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i nā makahiki i hala. A hiki i kēia manawa, ua manaʻo nā alakaʻi o ka AKP i ka hui pū ʻana me Barzani i mea e pono ai i ka hoʻonā ʻana i ka pilikia PKK, a i kekahi mau lā i hala aku nei ua hoʻokipa ʻo Massoud Barzani lāua ʻo Nechervan Barzani i nā ʻōlelo a Erdoğan e pili ana i ka hiki ke wehe i nā kamaʻilio me Öcalan. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻolaha nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i kekahi mau manaʻo a me nā ʻano hou e pili ana i ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka pilikia Kurdish ma Turkey.
Eia kekahi, i kēia lā ke nānā nei nā luna kiʻekiʻe o ka Iraqi Kurds iā Turkey ma ke ʻano he hoa hou, ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o nā pūʻali koa US mai Iraq i ka hopena o 2011. Ma hope o ka ʻōlelo a Barzani no ka hoʻoholo ponoʻī ʻana i ka mahina o Malaki i hala, ua manaʻo ka nui o Iraqi Kurds e lilo ʻo Turkey. ka ʻāina mua i ʻike i kekahi mokuʻāina Kurdish ma Iraq. I ka wā ma mua, ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa kekahi mau nūpepa Turkish ma hope o ke kipi ʻana o Kurdish i Malaki 1991, he mea hoʻoweliweli ʻo Iraqi Kurdistan i ka palekana aupuni Turkish. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ka holomua wikiwiki o ka pilina ma waena o Turkey a me ka KRG i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka ʻāina Kurdish o Iraq e lilo i mea no ka paʻa a me ka palekana no Turkey. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo ua hoʻokani ka ʻāina Kurdish i ke ʻano o kahi puʻupuʻu ma waena o Turkey a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o Iraq, kahi i ulu ai ka paʻa ʻole a me ka hana ʻino ma hope o 2003.
* Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Dr. He kākāʻōlelo ʻo Aziz Barzani ma ka International Middle East Peace Research Center
