Peb paub tias nyob rau lub sijhawm kawg ntawm Ottoman, cov tub ntxhais kawm raug xa mus rau Tebchaws Europe nquag. Vim li cas ib daim ntawv thov no? Cov txheej txheem European, kev txhim kho hauv kev tshawb fawb, txav mus rau Turkey kev tsim kho tshiab. Txhawm rau siv lawv…
Tau kawg, cov neeg tawm mus no tau kawm ntau heev thiab rov qab los tsev. Tej zaum muaj ntau tus uas muaj kev pab cuam.
Txawm li cas los xij, lawv kuj nqa qee yam kab mob uas yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau rau peb lub tebchaws! .. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog coj mus rau qhov kev saib tsis taus, kev ua phem thiab kev ntxeev siab rau lawv cov sultans ...
Qhov thib ob yog kev tsis ntseeg…
Cov kev coj ua nom ua tswv coj los ntawm Tanzimat era tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho cov kab mob no.
Thaum lub sij hawm koom pheej, sultans yeej ib txwm pom tias yog vim li cas rau kev tawm tsam thiab kev loj hlob thiab sim ua kom nco qab nrog kev ntxub ntxaug, thaum lub ntsej muag zoo li no tau qhuas ntau li ntau tau.
Ib tug ntawm yog lawv Osman Hamdi.
Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm thaum Islam phobia tau fueled nyob rau hauv Fabkis thiab insults rau tus Yaj Saub nce, nws yog tiag tiag tsis muaj hmoo tias nws tej hauj lwm tau nthuav tawm los ntawm nws lub crown.
Osman Hamdi yog leej twg?
Yug hauv Istanbul xyoo 1842, Osman Hamdi pib lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib hauv Beşiktaş thiab cuv npe hauv Mekteb-i Maârif-i Adliyye hauv 1856. Nws raug xa mus rau Paris hauv 1857 rau kev kawm kev cai lij choj. Ntawm no, thaum nws txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm txoj cai lij choj, nws kuj tau kawm pleev xim rau ntawm Paris Fine Arts High School thiab xav paub txog archaeology. Ntawm no nws cov xib fwb qhia nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev kos duab thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog painting. Txoj cai tau tawm ntawm nws lub neej tam sim no. Nws ua haujlwm hauv kev cob qhia ntawm Jean-Leon Gerome thiab Boulanger, uas yog cov neeg pleev kob nto moo ntawm nws lub sijhawm.
Nws txoj kev kawm Western-style tau muab nws qhov kev xav txawv kiag li. Qhov kev hloov pauv tsis yog kev paub dhau los hauv txoj haujlwm xwb. Nws tau sau nrog nws txoj kev ntseeg thiab cov tswv yim tam sim no! ..
Txij no mus, nws lub neej yuav dhau los ntawm kev tawm tsam rau cov neeg Muslim Turkish kom txais yuav kev coj ncaj ncees thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Western.
Nws muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub xeev thaum nws rov qab los ntawm Tebchaws Europe. Dhau li ntawm nws yog ib tug neeg pleev kob, archaeologist, musicologist thiab sau, nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug diplomat thiab tus thawj coj nyob rau hauv lub bureaucracy. Tab sis nws qhov kev lees paub tiag tiag yog nrog nws cov duab kos. Hauv kev nkag siab, nws yog cov duab kos uas qhia txog tus cwj pwm tus cwj pwm.
Vim tias, hauv nws cov duab kos duab, Osman Hamdi tau siv cov lus piv txwv uas lub zej zog Ottoman raug kaw rau kev hloov kho tshiab thiab kev tsim kho tshiab. Nws sim qhia seb qhov kev hloov pauv yuav tsum ua li cas los ntawm cov rooj no.
Nws paub zoo tias kev kos duab tsis yog ib qho khoom kho kom zoo nkauj xwb. Ib qho kev qhia yog ib hom kev sib txuas lus. Qee tus qhia txog nws txoj kev xav nrog paj huam, qee qhov cartoons thiab qee qhov tshiab, dab neeg thiab ua yeeb yam. Osman Hamdi kuj qhia qhov nws tsis tau hais ncaj qha los ntawm nws cov duab kos.Lub sijhawm no, qee qhov ntawm nws cov duab kos tau yog qhov kev sib tham ntau.
Thaum Lub Xya Hli 2014, muaj kev sib cav sib cav sib ceg hauv Parliament. Thaum lub sij hawm kev sib tham ntawm cov qauv uas xav kom tsim ib lub tsev kawm ntawv tshiab nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Gebze Technical University, CHP tau thov kom tsim ib tug kws qhia ntawv ntawm Fine Arts nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Osman Hamdi Bey. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm AK Party tau tawm tsam qhov kev pom zoo, sib cav tias Osman Hamdi cov duab "Mihrab", uas piav qhia txog tus poj niam tsis tau pom hauv lub thaj ntawm lub mosque, cuam tshuam cov Muslims.
Dab tsi tau hloov tom qab rau xyoo? Cov thawj coj ntawm Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Kev Sib Txuas Lus qhuas Osman Hamdi li "tus pioneer ntawm niaj hnub Turkish painting thiab museology"thiab nthuav tawm nws cov haujlwm ua"Peb lub teb chaws, keeb kwm, kab lis kev cai thiab scientific nplua nuj".
Cia peb paub Osman Hamdi los ntawm ob daim duab kos duab, ib qho uas tau nthuav tawm thiab lwm qhov tsis tshwm sim ...
Kev thuam loj heev rau Muslim thiab Islam!
Thawj yog Osman Hamdi txoj haujlwm paub zoo tshaj plaws thiab yog lub ntiaj teb nto moo nrog lub npe "Tortoise Trainer". Qhov chaw ntawm daim duab yog nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qhov rais nyob rau pem teb sab sauv ntawm Green Mosque hauv Bursa. Qab lub qhov rais sawv ib dervish nrog nws ob txhais tes folded qab nws nraub qaum. Nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm tus dervish tuav dab tsi nyob rau hauv nws txhais tes, ib tug Naqareh hangs. vaub kib taug kev.
Lub dervish hauv daim duab no yog Osman Hamdi nws tus kheej. vaub kib, uas paub txog lawv qhov qeeb qeeb nyob ib puag ncig lawv, yog cov neeg Muslim uas raug kaw kom hloov pauv thiab nce qib! .. Osman Hamdi nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug dervish qhia txoj kev hloov los ntawm kev qhia ua siab ntev ntawm nws lub ntsej muag thiab lub ney nws tuav. Nrog kev ua siab ntev, kos duab thiab suab paj nruag, nws qhia tias cov neeg Turkish tuaj yeem mus txog qhov lawv xav tau.
Qee cov kws sau keeb kwm kos duab tau hais tias cov vaub kib, uas nyuaj rau kev kawm, sawv cev rau lub neej thiab tau hais tias cov lus tau muab nrog dab tsi tuaj yeem ua tau los qhia lub ego. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev thov Vajtswv thiab dhikr, uas yog lub ntsiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv exquisite kev qhuab qhia nyob rau hauv lub mosque, yog hloov los ntawm cov suab paj nruas seev, uas yog ib tug cais kev puas tsuaj! ..
Qhov thib ob ua haujlwm ntawm Osman Hamdi hu ua "Mihrap” los yog “Chivkeeb” qhia meej qhov twg nws xav coj cov neeg Muslim thiab qhov kev qhuab qhia nws xav ua li cas. Yog li ntawd, peb cov neeg tau hnov zoo indignation tawm tsam Osman Hamdi exhibition. Daim duab no yeej tsis tau pom dua.
Osman Hamdi nyob rau hauv daim duab no qhia lub sab hauv ntawm ib lub tsev nrog ib tug vuas mihrab rau ntawm phab ntsa. Ib tug poj niam cev xeeb tub nrog nws lub taub hau tig rov qab mus rau lub thaj uas nyob ib puag ncig ntawm Quran, yog zaum ncaj ntawm lub plab loj. Muaj cov phau ntawv thiab nplooj ntawv ncig nws ko taw. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm daim duab, muaj ib tug tswm ciab loj, thiab ib tug tswm ciab loj ntawm lub thaj.
Tus poj niam hauv daim duab tau hais tias yog cov hluas ntawm tus kws kos duab tus poj niam, Naile Hanim. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kuj muaj cov neeg uas tau hais tias tus kws kos duab xaiv tus ntxhais Armenian ua haujlwm hauv nws lub tsev ua qauv.
Nws pom tseeb tias cov phau ntawv hauv qab taw ntawm tus poj niam yog tus Quran, Phau ntawv dawb huv ntawm Zoroastrianism, Zend-Avestathiab phau Vajlugkub, Sakiya-Muni. cov Phau Vajlugkub thiab cov Torah tsis muaj nyob. Yog li, Osman Hamdi tau pleev xim rau cov kev ntseeg dawb huv ntawm sab hnub tuaj hauv qab tus poj niam ko taw. Raws li nws, muaj Christianity los yog Judaism yog kev ntseeg. Sab Hnub Tuaj tsis muaj lub zog sawv cev sab laug. Sab hnub tuaj xav tau kev kawm…
Ntawm qhov tod tes, art historian Mustafa Cezar, uas tau tshawb fawb txog Osman Hamdi, tau muab lub npe "Mihrap"rau painting. Muaj ntau tus sau tias lub npe thawj ntawm cov duab yog "Chiv Keeb", yog creation ...
Raws li cov no, tus poj niam hauv daim duab no cev xeeb tub. Osman Hamdi tso tus poj niam no ntawm qhov sib txawv kiag li los ntawm kev tso tus poj niam no nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub thaj uas Muslims tig mus rau Allah uas muaj hwjchim loj kawg nkaus thiab cov Quran nrog cov rah lawv muab tso rau. Ib txoj hauv kev, nws xav muab cov lus hais tias "tus tsim tiag yog poj niam!” Qee tus kws sau keeb kwm kos duab tau txhais cov duab no zoo li qhov ntawd kev cai dab qhuas cuam tshuam txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm cov poj niam thiab hais tias cov painting txhais tau hais tias ib tug ntxeev siab tawm tsam nws. Raws li qhov tseeb, tus poj niam hauv daim duab xav tau pe hawm nrog nws qhov chaw, nws lub tsev menyuam, thiab nws lub cev tseem ceeb ...
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau nkag siab tias Osman Hamdi tau hais meej meej cov lus ntawm Islam phobia thiab nws tau ua qhov no nrog nws daim duab ...
Qhov chaw ntawd tsis yog lub thaj tab sis lub Ocakbasi, tus poj niam tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau cev xeeb tub, nws tsis pom meej tias cov phau ntawv yog Quran, thiab qee qhov kev qhia, xws li saib qhov teeb meem, tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li squint. Vim tsis muaj ib tug kws txawj kos duab keeb kwm ntawm cov ntsiab lus tau hais lus dag.
Nws yog qhov tu siab tiag tiag uas Osman Hamdi, uas yog tus yeeb ncuab ntawm Islam txaus hu ua "Charlie Hebdo nyob rau lub sijhawm kawg ntawm lub tebchaws Ottoman” thiab leej twg tau txiav txim siab los qhia Muslims los ntawm kev tshem lawv tawm ntawm Islam, yog exalted hnub no nrog ib tug exhibition nrog qhuas cov lus.
Cov uas dai thiab qhuas tus "Tortoise Trainer” yuav tsum xav ib zaug ntxiv qhov lawv qhuas.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Kec-nihâdân rast-kuv tab'ân ile etmez imtizaç
Lub caij ntuj no lub caij ntuj sov.
(Cov uas tsis huv tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog qhov tseeb
Yog li ntawd, tus hneev thiab xub tsis tuaj yeem ua ke.)
Tsab xov xwm los Ismail KAPAN, luam tawm hauv Türkiye Gazetesi
