Tsev khaws puav pheej Bursa
Lub tsev khaws puav pheej thawj zaug hauv Bursa tau tsim tsa xyoo 1904 ntawm ib ntu ntawm Bursa Boy's Lycee, nrog rau kev siv zog ntawm Mr. Azmi, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Kev Kawm Hauv Tebchaws, ua ib ceg ntawm Müze-i Humayun. Cov cim uas tau sau thiab tso tawm ntawm no tau raug nqa mus rau Yeşil Madrasa xyoo 1930. Ntu kev tshawb nrhiav txog keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau tsiv mus rau lub tsev niaj hnub uas tau tsim tsa hauv Kültürpark ua "Tsev khaws puav pheej Archaeology" xyoo 1972. Thiab Yeşil Madrasa tau qhib rau kev mus xyuas xyoo 1975 ua "Tsev khaws puav pheej Turkish Islamic Monuments" tom qab tau kho dua tshiab.
Muaj rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Bursa ua haujlwm ua tus koom tes ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej Directorate.
Tsev khaws puav pheej keeb kwm yav dhau los
Cov cim qhia txog keeb kwm yav dhau los uas tau sau los ntawm Bursa Boy's Lycee thiab Yeşil Madrasa ntawm xyoo 1904 - 1972 tau raug nqa mus rau Archaeological Museum uas tau tsim hauv Kültürpark thiab qhib rau kev mus xyuas xyoo 1972 tom qab nws kho dua tshiab niaj hnub no. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tseem ua haujlwm hauv tib lub tsev. Cov cim uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsev khaws puav pheej yog cov uas pom hauv Bithynia thiab Mysia thaj tsam ntawm lub sijhawm BC 3 txhiab thiab qhov kawg ntawm Byzantine Period.
Tsev I: Cov cim hauv tsev no yog: cov khoom pom ntawm lub ntxa uas yog los ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm BC 3 txhiab; txiav pob zeb thiab tooj liab uas yog los ntawm BC 2 txhiab; cov thoob av siav ntawm thaj av Urartu; cov qauv me me ntawm lub sijhawm Phrig hauv BC 1 txhiab; cov thoob tooj liab thiab mosaic ntawm keeb kwm fibulas. Cov duab puab thiab cov khoom pom ntawm lub ntxa xws li cov thoob thiab cov khoom dai hauv ntau hom uas pom hauv kev khawb ntawm tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Antandros necropolis yog cov cim tseem ceeb. Ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb hauv tsev yog Greco - Persian lub ntxa stele pom hauv Şükraniye Lub Zos ntawm Karacabey. Lub cim no uas yog los ntawm Persian Lub Sijhawm, uas nyob hauv Anatolia hauv BC 546, yog ib qho ntawm peb cov qauv hauv ntiaj teb, uas ob qho nyob hauv İstanbul Archaeology Museum.
Chav II: Hauv chav no uas muaj cov pob zeb ua haujlwm ntawm lub sijhawm Loos, muaj cov duab taub hau uas yog los ntawm xyoo pua 2nd AC; cov duab ntawm Zeus, tus vajtswv ntawm cov vajtswv; daim duab ntawm Herakles, tus sawv cev ntawm lub zog, piav qhia txog nws txoj haujlwm so nrog cov tawv nqaij nyob ib puag ncig nws txhais tes tom qab nws ua rau Nemea tsov ntxhuav tuag; cov duab puab ntawm Kybele, tus vajtswv poj niam laus tshaj plaws ntawm Anatolia thiab cov thaj cog lus rau Asklepios, tus vajtswv poj niam noj qab haus huv. Ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm chav, muaj ib lub duab puab ntawm Athena, "tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog thiab kev txawj ntse" thiab Apollon, "tus Vajtswv ntawm Lub Hnub".
Chav III: Cov cim ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm BC 8th xyoo pua thiab qhov kawg ntawm Byzantine Lub Sijhawm raug nthuav tawm hauv chav no. Cov tais diav ceramic hauv ntau hom uas yog lub sijhawm ntawm Geometric Ages thiab Rome Lub Sijhawm raug nthuav tawm hauv chav no raws li kev txiav txim siab. Ntawm cov cim no, muaj cov duab puab av siav ntawm Archaic thiab Rome Lub Sijhawm; cov tais diav tooj liab thiab iav thiab cov khoom dai ntawm Rome Lub Sijhawm; cov roj teeb av siav; nyiaj, tooj liab thiab cov haujlwm av siav ntawm Byzantine Lub Sijhawm. Kuj tseem muaj cov khoom dai kub ntawm Rome Lub Sijhawm hauv chav no.
Hauv pem teb mezzanine ntawm tib lub tsev, cov npib kub, nyiaj thiab tooj liab ntawm Archaic, Classic, Hellenistic, Rome thiab Byzantine Period tau raug tso tawm.
Tsev IV: Ntawm cov cim uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsev no, muaj lub qhov ntxa zoo ib yam li lub hauv Üçpınar Lub Zos ntawm Balıkesir ntawm 1/1 qhov ntev thiab cov khoom pom ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom uas yog Akhaemenid Lub Sijhawm thiab cov qauv ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom no ua raws li cov khoom pom no.
Qhib Kev Nthuav Qhia: Muaj cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm pob zeb hauv lub vaj ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej archaeology. Cov khoom sau stele nplua nuj, uas suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov tsev khaws puav pheej Turkish, tau raug nthuav tawm hauv lub tsev no. Nws tseem tsim nyog pom cov qauv ntawm cov ntxa ntxa pom hauv Bursa thiab nws ib puag ncig, thiab ntau yam khoom vaj khoom tsev.
Tsev khaws puav pheej ATATURK
Nws xav tias lub tsev nyob hauv Çekirge Street tau tsim tsa thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 19th. Lub pavilion yog duplex, tshwj tsis yog lub qab nthab thiab lub ru tsev. Thaum Atatürk mus ntsib Bursa zaum ob (20-24 Lub Ib Hlis 1923), Lub Nroog Bursa tau yuav lub tsev no los ntawm Colonel Mehmet thiab muab rau Atatürk ua khoom plig. Tom qab ntawd, txhua zaus nws mus ntsib Bursa, Atatürk nyob hauv lub tsev no. Tom qab xyoo 1938, Lub Nroog Bursa tau muag lub tsev rau Turkish Republic Pension Fund thiab Pension Fund tau hloov kev siv lub pavilion mus rau General Directorate of Monuments and Museums thaum Lub Ob Hlis 6, 1968. Lub pavilion tau hloov mus ua tsev khaws puav pheej thiab qhib rau kev mus xyuas thaum xyoo 50th ntawm Republic, thaum Lub Kaum Hli 29, 1973.
Pem Teb 1: Nws muaj chav tos txais qhua nyob rau sab xis ntawm qhov nkag, chav noj mov nyob rau sab laug thiab chav so uas qhib rau chav noj mov.
Pem Teb 2: Muaj chav pw nyob rau sab xis, chav ua haujlwm nyob rau sab laug thiab ib tus tuaj yeem ncav cuag lub tsev cog khoom los ntawm sab xis ntawm chav ua haujlwm. Lub qab nthab tau siv ua chav ua noj thiab kev pabcuam. Yuav luag txhua lub rooj tog hauv lub tsev pheeb suab yog cov qub uas Atatürk siv.
Lub Tsev Khaws Puav Pheej ntawm MUDANYA ARMISTICE HOUSE
Daim ntawv cog lus Mudanya Armistice, uas yog qhov qhia txog kev vam meej thawj zaug ntawm Turkish Grand National Assembly hauv kev nom kev tswv, tau kos npe rau hauv lub tsev no. Lub tsev, uas nyob hauv plawv nroog ntawm Mudanya District, muaj keeb kwm raws li xyoo pua 19th.
Lub tsev, uas yog Alexander Ganyanof los ntawm Russia li, tau raug yuav thiab kho dua los ntawm tus neeg ua lag luam, Mr. Hayri İpar los ntawm Mudanya, thiab tau hloov mus ua tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Mudanya Municipality hauv xyoo 1937. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau raug xa mus rau General Directorate of Old Monuments and Museums hauv xyoo 1959.
Lub tsev ntoo yog ob lub tsev, tsuas yog lub qab nthab thiab lub ru tsev xwb. Lub tsev uas tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus tsis sib haum xeeb thiab chav ua haujlwm ntawm İsmet Pasha nyob rau hauv pem teb thib ib. Muaj chav pw ntawm İsmet Pasha thiab nws cov neeg pabcuam.
Cov duab thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm tsis muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua raug tso tawm hauv lub tsev no uas cov khoom ntawm lub sijhawm no tau raug tiv thaiv.
COV HLUAS NTAWM TAHIR PASHA MANSION
Lub tsev yog ob lub tsev. Nws txoj kev npaj tau hloov ntau zaus thiab poob nws daim ntawv qub.
Chav loj hauv pem teb thib ob yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov txiab. Cov qhov rais hauv qab thiab sab saud ntawm ob sab pem hauv ntej ntawm chav muaj cov iav xim. Cov ntsa ntawm phab ntsa yog npog nrog cov khoom dai malacari plaster. Sab hauv ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov paj motifs. Lub txee dai khaub ncaws uas npog phab ntsa ntawm chav yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov txiab. Hnub tim 1138H./1725 M. yog sau rau ntawm lub qhov rooj sab nraud ntawm chav.
TSEV KAWM TXUJ CI NTAWM TURKISH - ISLAMIC MONUMENTS (YEŞİL MADRASA)
Yeşil Madrasa (tsev kawm ntawv Muslim theological), uas yog ib lub tsev kawm ntawv thawj zaug ntawm lub sijhawm Ottoman, hu ua Sultaniye Madrasa. Nws tau tsim tsa hauv Yeşil complex los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Hacı İvaz nrog kev txiav txim ntawm 1st Mehmet Çelebi ntawm xyoo 1414 - 1424.
Nws yog ib qho kev txuas ntxiv ntawm Anatolian Seljuk cov tsev kawm ntawv uas muaj lub tshav puam qhib (vaulted recess) raws li txoj kev npaj. Cov pob zeb tawg, pob zeb thiab cib yog siv ua cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho. Los ntawm lub vaulted recess ntawm qhov nkag uas npog nrog lub hnub qub vault, koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov rooj ntse thiab lub tshav puam colonnaded. Cov colonnades uas nyob ib puag ncig lub tshav puam ntawm peb sab yog ntse arched; thiab cov tom qab ntawd yog them nrog lub thoob - vault, cov nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub lateral vaulted recess yog them nrog cross - vault, thiab lwm tus yog them nrog domed vault. Ib txhia ntawm cov kem thiab cov taub hau kem ntawm colonnades yog los ntawm Byzantine Lub Sijhawm. Nyob tom qab ntawm colonnades, muaj 13 chav kawm ntawv, ob lub lateral vaulted recesses, chav dej thiab stairwells. Nws xav tias lub tsev muaj pem teb thib ob, tab sis qhov kev lees paub no tseem tsis tau ua pov thawj. Muaj ib lub cub tawg ntawm txhua chav ntawm lub tsev, npog nrog mirrored vault. Ob lub lateral vaulted recesses ntawm theem ntawm cov chav yog stripped arched. Cov ntaiv ob sab yog siv los nce mus rau hauv chav kawm ntawm sab nraud ntawm qhov nkag, muaj lub duab plaub fab. Cov pendants nrog stalactite ua kom muaj kev hla los ntawm thaj chaw plaub fab mus rau lub nruas ntawm lub cupola. Lub cupola tau teeb tsa rau ntawm lub nruas uas muaj octagonal thiab prismatic Turkish triangles. Ib lub qhov rais me me tau qhib rau nruab nrab ntawm txhua sab ntawm lub nruas.
Cov eaves zoo li hedgehog. Cov eaves ntoo ntawm lub qhov rooj nkag tsis yog thawj; lawv yog los ntawm lwm lub sijhawm kho dua tshiab.
Cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev kawm ntawv muaj tsawg heev thaum piv rau lwm lub tsev ntawm lub complex. Cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj mosaic thiab cov txheej txheem glazing xim siv rau cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj porcelain. Thiab muaj ib qho khoom dai kom zoo nkauj porcelain hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub qab nthab, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov qauv geometric uas tsim los ntawm lub hnub qub nrog nees nkaum lub kaum sab xis. Lwm cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj porcelain ntawm tsev kawm ntawv yog cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj turquoise me me nrog cov duab peb ceg, plaub ceg thiab lwm yam duab uas npog cov iav ntawm cov arches ntse nyob rau sab nraud pem hauv ntej.
Lub tsev kawm ntawv tau kho dua tshiab rau ntau lub sijhawm; thiab Bursa Tsev khaws puav pheej, uas tau qhib rau lub Yim Hli 19, 1902 hauv Boy's Lycee, tau raug xa mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv rau lub Plaub Hlis 8, 1930. Nws tau kaw rau kev mus saib hauv xyoo 1955 vim yog kev kho dua tshiab; thiab rov qhib dua rau lub Kaum Hli 1, 1972 nrog kev nthuav qhia tshiab thiab kev npaj. Lub tsev kawm ntawv, uas tau coj mus kho dua tshiab txog rau lub Peb Hlis 1972, tau qhib rau kev mus saib rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 22, 1975 ua Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Turkish - Islamic Monuments.
Muaj ntau lub cim tseem ceeb tau muab tso rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm Turkish - Islamic kos duab ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th thiab 19th.
Sab Hnub Poob Sab Nraud Vaulted Recess
Cov khoom siv av nplaum uas tau muab tso rau hauv ob lub qhov rooj sab nraud tau muab tso rau hauv cov txee tso saib raws li kev txiav txim siab. Cov khoom siv av nplaum uas tsis tau pleev xim ntawm xyoo pua 12th - 13th Seljuk lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv av nplaum Rakka ci ntsa iab ntawm lub sijhawm Seljuk thiab lub paj rwb nrog ob lub tes ua los ntawm cov txheej txheem minai tsawg tsawg uas yog los ntawm xyoo pua 12th yog cov qauv zoo ntawm pawg no.
Hauv seem no uas txhua pawg ntawm Ottoman ceramics muaj nyob, cov hauv qab no tau raug nthuav tawm: Cov khoom siv ceramics liab ntawm xyoo pua 14th ua nyob rau hauv İznik thiab hu ua Milet ua haujlwm; cov qauv zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv ceramics xiav - dawb ntawm xyoo pua 15th; cov khoom siv ceramics xyoo pua 15th kho kom zoo nkauj nrog paj me me thiab cov kauv nyias nyias hu ua Haliç ua haujlwm; lub khob iav thiab phaj xyoo pua 16th xim hu ua Şam pawg; cov phaj xyoo pua 16th thiab 17th, lub raj mis dej thiab cov lauj kaub hlau nrog xim liab coral los ntawm Rodos pawg ceramics.
Chav 1
Cov duab ntxoov ntxoo - ua yeeb yam uas yog cov haujlwm ntawm Hayali Küçük Ali thiab Hayali Osman Sözen, cov kws tshaj lij ntawm kev kos duab ntxoov ntxoo - ua yeeb yam, tau raug tso tawm hauv chav no. Lub peev xwm lom zem ntawm cov neeg Turkish tau teeb tsa nrog kev kos duab ntxoov ntxoo - ua yeeb yam, thiab cov ntsiab lus tau coj los ntawm lub neej pej xeem txhua hnub.
Cov hnab ua los ntawm koob xaws thiab koob uas hu ua "nyiaj, foob, moos, luam yeeb" hnab raws li cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv tau raug tso tawm hauv tib chav. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov hnab ua los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg xws li satin thiab velvet thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog nyiaj, hlaws thiab hlaws dai.
Muaj cov ntaub ntawv xws li lub qhov ncauj, narghile, thiab lub thawv luam yeeb hauv ib lub txee tso saib ntawm lub hnab; thiab muaj cov saw hlau nyiaj thiab cov qauv moos hauv lwm lub txee tso saib.
Chav Thib 2
Cov kos duab ntawm kev kos duab rau ntawm ntoo thiab inlaying ivory, niam-ntawm-pearl thiab turtle-plhaub qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws tau xyaum txij li Middle Ages thiab tsim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Ottomans thiab poob nws qhov tseem ceeb tom qab 18th xyoo pua. Ntau lub thawv thiab tripods uas yog cov kos duab no tau raug tso tawm hauv chav no.
Cov qhov rooj uas tau muab tso rau hauv chav no, tau siv rau ntawm cov qhov rooj ntoo. Cov qhov rooj uas ua los ntawm hlau thiab tooj dag muaj cov duab raws li qhov chaw uas lawv siv, xws li lub voj voog, lub qhov rooj pendulous, lub tes tuav, nab, noog, thiab lwm yam. Cov qhov rooj voj voog feem ntau tau siv rau hauv tsev; cov uas muaj duab nab tau siv rau ntawm cov tsev fuabtais; thiab cov uas sau tias "Ya Hafız, Ya Fettah" tau siv rau ntawm cov tsev teev ntuj.
Cov ncov ntawm cov minarets, uas tau muab tso rau hauv lwm lub txee tso saib, tau ua los ntawm tooj liab, tooj liab - zinc alloy thiab tooj dag. Feem ntau lawv muaj cov duab zoo li xib teg, poob thiab lub voj voog, thiab qee qhov muaj lub hli motif rau ntawm lawv. Lawv muaj ntau yam ntawv sau thiab cov nroj tsuag motifs thiab. Ntau yam yuam sij thiab xauv kuj tau muab tso rau hauv chav no.
Chav kawm
Muaj ntau lub cim nco txog uas tau muab tso rau hauv chav kawm, uas yog chav loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev. Muaj cov qauv ntawm cov duab kos tes (cov phuam paj rwb muaj xim, cov phuam Bursa loj uas dai kom zoo nkauj nrog nyiaj, cov pob khoom) thiab cov pwm pleev xim ntawm cov cim no. "Kev pleev xim tes" txhais tau tias kos cov ntaub so ntswg nrog tes lossis siv cov pwm ntoo.
Kev pleev xim tes tau tsim nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws ua ib qho kev kos duab rau pej xeem thiab tau muab nws cov qauv zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nrog rau kev pleev xim tes ntawm İstanbul hauv xyoo pua 16th, 17th, 18th. Cov ntaub pua chaw pw, cov ntaub qhwv, cov siv, cov phuam loj thiab cov phuam so tes, uas tau nthuav tawm hauv cov txee, nqa txhua txoj kev ntawm kev pleev xim tes ntawm Turkish. Kev pleev xim tes, uas thawj zaug tshwm sim hauv Central Asia, tau dhau mus rau sab hnub poob los ntawm Turks. Cov qauv zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm kev pleev xim tes ntawm Turkish tau pom nyob rau hauv xyoo pua 16th; cov duab pleev xim tes hu ua "Kub/nyiaj xov paj ntaub" tau hloov chaw ntawm cov duab pleev xim tes no uas kav ntev txog xyoo pua 18th.
Ntawm cov khoom dai uas yog ib ceg ntawm kev kos duab hlau, muaj cov siv sia kub thiab nyiaj, cov hlua khi siv, cov hlua tes, cov nplhaib, cov pob ntseg, cov pob qhov rooj dai kom zoo nkauj thiab daim iav nrog cov ntoo nraub qaum.
Cov tswm ciab tooj liab Seljuk uas ua los ntawm xyoo pua 12-13 uas muaj duab tib neeg thiab cov hnub qub, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog nyiaj; lub tswm ciab Memlük nrog cov ntawv sau; lub lauj kaub sherbet thiab chandelier txhua tus tau muab tso tawm hauv tib lub tsev.
Cov riam phom, uas yog ib ceg ntawm cov khoom siv hlau Turkish uas tau tsim kho tshaj plaws, tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov kub, nyiaj thiab ivory inlays, thiab kev dai kom zoo nkauj cov riam phom tau txais qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub sijhawm Ottoman. Ntawm cov riam phom uas tau nthuav tawm hauv lub tsev no, muaj cov riam phom txiav xws li ob rab ntaj xyoo pua 18 nrog lub hauv paus nkhaus thiab ua los ntawm moire hlau; cov riam hnyav nkhaus ntawm xyoo pua 17 thiab 19 siv los ntawm cov tub rog; Caucuses thiab Ottoman daggers; cov riam phom tua xws li maces; thiab cov riam phom tua phom xws li cov phom inlaid ivory ntawm xyoo pua 17, 18 thiab 19 cov phom flint - xauv inlaid nrog nyiaj thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog kub thiab ntoo hmoov fwj.
Cov riam phom Iran xyoo pua 17th tau muab tso rau hauv lwm lub txee tso saib. Cov no muaj ntau yam kho kom zoo nkauj; thiab tau kho kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab tib neeg, tsiaj txhu thiab cov nroj tsuag ua inlays. Cov khoom dai kub kuj tau siv rau cov riam phom no. Cov khoom dai zoo li no kuj tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov ntaub thaiv, lub kaus mom hlau, ntaj thiab riam hauv peb lub tsev khaws puav pheej.
Cov roj hlawv paj yeeb - dej thiab tshuaj tsw qab - ua los ntawm ntau yam hlau kuj raug tso tawm hauv lwm lub txee tso saib.
Chav Thib 3
Hauv chav no, muaj ntau yam khob tuav, khob porcelain thiab cov yeeb nkab, cov lauj kaub kas fes thiab cov tshuab zom kas fes thiab cov thawv kas fes ntoo ua los ntawm nyiaj thiab filigree.
Cov lauj kaub Salep thiab sherbet, uas yog qee cov qauv ntawm cov hlau Turkish, thiab ntau yam khoom siv tooj dag thiab cov khoom siv ntoo uas muaj hlaws dai, tau muab tso tawm hauv tib chav.
Chav thib 4
Cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj ua haus ua los ntawm hlau Turkish, uas yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov duab kos duab hlau Turkish thiab kev nplua nuj ntawm chav ua noj ua haus Turkish, muaj ntau yam thiab cov kho kom zoo nkauj. Hauv chav no uas cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj tau nthuav tawm, muaj ntau yam khoom siv hauv chav ua noj, cov tais hlau, cov lauj kaub kas fes; cov diav ua los ntawm ntoo, pob txha, hlaws thiab plhaub vaub kib; thiab lub tais uas muaj tus kov zaj uas yog los ntawm Timurlu Lub Sijhawm.
Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Nraud Vaulted Recess
Ntau yam khoom siv iav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg tau raug tso tawm hauv qhov chaw so no, ib sab ntawm Kütahya ceramics xyoo pua 18th thiab 19th.
Ntawm cov khoom siv iav, muaj cov tais paj, cov tais qab zib, khob iav, phaj thiab cov lauj kaub kas fes thiab lub raj mis dej ua haujlwm Syria nrog cov ntawv sau rau ntawm nws. Beykoz wok opal candlestick ntawm xyoo pua 19th, lub lauj kaub kas fes thiab peb lub khob iav nrog cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj, uas tau nthuav tawm hauv lwm lub txee tso saib, yog cov cim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tsev khaws puav pheej. Bursa ua haujlwm velvet ntaub so ntswg thiab cov ntaub thaiv qhov rooj ntawm Yeşil lub ntxa kuj tau nthuav tawm hauv tib chav. Bursa velvets, uas muaj qhov chaw sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg Turkish, tau muab nws cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws hauv xyoo pua 16th, tau nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm tsis ruaj khov hauv xyoo pua 17th thiab poob nws qhov tseem ceeb thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 18th raws li lwm cov ceg kos duab.
Chav thib 5
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Dervish convent raug tso tawm hauv chav no. Cov dervish convents tau tsim tsa rau ntawm qhov chaw sib cais ntawm cov mosques, thiab lawv suav nrog ntau ntu hauv lawv. Dervish convents thiab dervish lodges yog cov tsev dervish order. Cov dervish orders no yog raws li kev paub tsis meej thiab muaj cov kev ua koob tsheej tshwj xeeb, kev pe hawm, kev ntseeg, kev xav, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov qib.
Hauv chav no uas muaj cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv dervish tau muab tso tawm, muaj cov tswm ciab, cov rosaries, cov khoom siv suab paj nruag, cov hlab ntsha kho mob thiab cov kaus mom ntawm ntau yam dervishes.
Chav thib 6
Cov ntawv sau rau ntawm cov duab tau muaj kev loj hlob tshwj xeeb hauv Islam. Nws tau hais nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hais tias muaj ntau tshaj nees nkaum hom ntawv. Cov ntawv sau nrov tshaj plaws yog cov ntawv Arabic feem ntau nrog cov ntawv cufic thiab cov ntawv Arabic loj.
Ntxiv rau cov ntawv sau, kev kho kom zoo nkauj rau cov phau ntawv kuj muaj kev txhim kho tshwj xeeb hauv kev kos duab Turkish - Islamic. Nws hu ua gilding los kho kom zoo nkauj rau nplooj ntawv phau ntawv nrog cov xim kub thiab cov qauv muaj xim.
Lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj ntau phau ntawv sau thiab cov phaj. Phau Koran, uas tau muab rau 1st Beyazıd los ntawm Sultan ntawm Memlük, yog ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Nws muaj 356 nplooj ntawv, sau nrog cov ntawv loj Arabic thiab nplua nuj heev hauv kub. Kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab nraud ntawm cov phau ntawv tseem ceeb npaum li kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Kev kos duab khi phau ntawv yog ib qho uas pom ntau heev hauv Ottoman thiab tau muab nws cov qauv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv xyoo pua 16th. Hauv lub txee tso saib qhov twg cov qauv khi tau raug tso tawm, muaj cov rooj zaum faldstools thiab cov hnab ntawv Koran nyiaj thiab.
Muaj cov khoom siv sau ntawv, cov khoom siv ntse cwj mem thiab txiab nyob rau hauv lub txee tso saib; thiab ntau yam teeb tswm ciab thiab teeb moos tes ua los ntawm tooj liab nyob rau hauv lwm qhov.
Chav thib 7
Cov chav dej muaj qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv lub neej Turkish. Muaj ntau yam kev coj ua da dej thiab kev lom zem. Cov chav dej thiab cov khoom siv da dej muaj qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv Bursa, lub nroog ntawm cov chaw ua dej kub. Kev xaws phuam da dej kuj yog ib qho kev kos duab tseem ceeb ntawm nws lub nroog tau ntev lawm.
Ib sab ntawm lub tshuab ua phuam da dej qub, muaj ntau yam phuam da dej uas dai kom zoo nkauj nrog nyiaj thiab txhob lo lo ntxhuav, cov khau khiab uas dai kom zoo nkauj nrog nyiaj thiab niam hlaws, cov tais da dej, cov thawv khoom siv, thiab cov zuag paj yeeb.
Chav Sab Hnub Tuaj
Muaj ib chav sab hnub tuaj npaj tseg hauv tsev khaws puav pheej. Chav no tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, tab sis qhia txog chav Turkish zoo li cas thiab nws muaj cov khoom siv dab tsi.
Lub qab nthab tau npog nrog ntoo, sib cais nrog cov pwm; thiab lub qab nthab loj, ib qho ntawm cov cim ntawm tsev khaws puav pheej, tau muab tso rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm nws.
Ntawm cov cim uas tau muab tso rau hauv lub tshav puam ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej, muaj cov khoom siv ceramic Çanakkale ntawm xyoo pua 19th thiab 20th; ob lub teeb txawb loj; ib lub hauv siab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov xim chisel thiab muaj daim duab ntawm 3rd Selim rau ntawm nws muab los ntawm tus neeg sau Fabkis Joseph Soustiel uas tau muab ntau lub cim rau peb lub tsev khaws puav pheej ua ntej; ib qho Edirnekari uas muaj monogram ntawm 2nd Mahmud; thiab ib lub txaj ntoo pleev xim nrog gilt.
Tshooj Npib
Npib txhais tau tias yog nyiaj hlau. Muaj cov nyiaj npib Islamic nplua nuj ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Turkish - Islamic Monuments. Ntawm cov khoom sau no suav nrog cov nyiaj kub, nyiaj thiab tooj liab, muaj cov nyiaj npib ntawm txhua tus Ottoman Sultans, thiab cov nyiaj npib ntawm tsoomfwv, Seljuk, İlhanlı, Memlük, Abbasi, Emevi, Sasani thiab lwm lub xeev Islamic. Lub npib kub ntawm 2nd Beyazıd, uas muaj cov ntawv sau zoo li no: "Sultan el-Berreyn thiab Hakan el-Bahreyn el-Sultan bin sultan" thiab uas tsuas muaj nyob hauv Darphane thiab peb lub tsev khaws puav pheej, yog ib qho ntawm cov nyiaj npib Ottoman tsis tshua muaj.
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm YENİŞEHİR ŞEMAKİ HOUSE
Nws nyob hauv plawv nroog Yenişehir District 55 km ntawm Bursa. Lub tsev no tau tsim tsa xyoo pua 18th, los ntawm tsev neeg Şemaki uas tuaj ntawm Şemah koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Iran thiab tau nyob hauv Anatolia. Muaj ib lub tshav puam hauv pem teb hauv av ntawm lub tsev duplex. Chav ua noj thiab chav ua noj nyob rau sab xis ntawm lub tsev, thiab muaj ob chav rau lub caij ntuj no nyob rau sab laug. Cov ntaiv ntoo uas nyob ib sab ntawm phab ntsa chav ua noj yog siv los nce pem teb thib ob. Lub hauv ntej uas saib mus rau lub vaj qhib rau sab nraud nrog cov seem colonnaded arched. Muaj ib chav tseem ceeb ntawm sab laug qhib rau lub tsev vaulted thiab muaj ob chav ntawm sab xis, ib qho me me thiab lwm qhov loj. Cov chisels kho kom zoo nkauj lub tsev nrog cov nroj tsuag motifs thiab toj roob hauv pes yog los ntawm xyoo pua 19th.
Lub chav dej, uas yuav tsum nyob hauv lub vaj, tsis muaj nyob niaj hnub no.
Lub Tsev Khaws Puav Pheej ntawm lub Tsev Ottoman xyoo pua 17th
Nws xav tias nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev uas nyob hauv Muradiye District, ntawm sab nraud ntawm Murad Complex, muaj ib lub tsev ntawm Sultan Murad II. Lub tsev nqa cov yam ntxwv ntawm xyoo pua 17th hauv cov nqe lus ntawm txoj kev npaj thiab cov khoom dai, thiab nws yog ib lub tsev qub tshaj plaws thiab zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm Bursa, uas tseem sawv ntsug. Ob lub plag tsev ntawm lub tsev duplex uas tau tsim tsa hauv lub vaj yog tib yam. Lub tsev muaj ib lub tsev vaulted qhib rau lub vaj thiab ib chav ob qho tib si ntawm sab xis thiab sab laug qhib rau lub vaulted recess. Cov chav nyob rau hauv pem teb yog lub caij ntuj no chav nrog qab nthab qis. Lub txee ntoo zoo nkauj ornamented nrog chisel cog thiab paj motifs, geometric ornamental ntoo qab nthab thiab hexagonal central ornamentation ntawm lub qab nthab hauv chav tseem ceeb ntawm lub pem teb sab saud qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm xyoo pua 17th ornaments.
