He raruraru tā te Kāwana o California, a Jerry Brown. Me kī ko te raruraru Munger tēnei.
He uri rātou nō tētahi kaipupuri moni pirionaire, he rōia rīpera tētahi i Los Angeles, ā, he kaipūtaiao matatika tētahi i te rohe o te Moana-a-Kiwa. Kāore tētahi o rāua e kī ana he pai ki a rāua te ao tōrangapū.
Heoi, ko Molly Munger rāua ko Charles Munger Jr., ngā tamariki a te hoa pakihi a Warren Buffett, a Charles Munger, Sr., kua noho ngātahi hei moemoeā kino rawa atu mā Brown i te tata mai o te pōtitanga o Noema.
Kua tata ki te $30 miriona tāra te whakapaunga a Molly Munger i tētahi pōtitanga hei whakapiki i ngā taake hei putea i ngā kura tūmatanui, he huarahi kaha ake ki te whakapikinga taake i whakaarohia e Brown mō te tahua whānui a te kawanatanga. Kua whakapau a Charles Munger Jr. i te $5 miriona, ā, kei te tatau tonu mō ngā mahi tae atu ki te whakahou i te pūtea kaupapa here ka whakakore i te mana tōrangapū o ngā uniana mahi o te kawanatanga.
E whakaatu ana te pakanga mana i te uaua o te whakahaere i California, ahakoa mō Jerry Brown, he toa o te Rōpū Manapori i roto i te ao tōrangapū ā-rohe, i noho tuatahi hei kāwana mō ngā wā e rua i ngā tau 1970 me 1980. He maha ngā huringa nui e mahia ana e ngā kaipōti ā-rohe mā roto i ngā mehua pōti, ā, ko te raruraru mō Brown he nui atu i te rua ngā taha o te nuinga o ngā take, inā koa i tēnei Whiringa-ā-rangi, ina tūtaki ngā kaipōti ki ngā tono 11 — he maha o ēnei e taupatupatu ana.
Mā te whakamahi i tētahi whakaaro hei whakapiki i ngā taake, ka karohia e Brown ngā rārangi mārama o ngā mahi tōrangapū i whakararu i ana mahi i roto i te whare paremata, engari he huinga hoariri tutu ōna, tae atu ki ngā tuākana, teina Munger.
Whakaarohia rātou he hunga whakahē i a Kochs: te wāhi e tautoko ana ngā teina umanga pirionaire a David rāua ko Charles Koch i ngā kaupapa taha matau me te ngākau kotahi, ka whai a Charles rāua ko Molly Munger i tō rāua ake ara, engari i kotahi tonu rāua i roto i te kore e mataku i te mana tōrangapū.
"Ehara tēnei i te mahi huna nui a te whānau Munger," te kī a Charles.
"E aroha nui ana ahau ki a Charles," te kī a Molly. "Ko ia tōku tuakana. He mea nui ia ki tōku ngākau. Engari ko te hunga e arohaina ana e tātou, ehara i te mea ko te hunga e whakaae ana tātou ki a rātou anō i ngā wā katoa."
He iti noa te whakamarie o te korenga o tētahi mahere mō ngā tuākana me ngā wāhine mō Brown me te Rōpū Manapori matua o te kawanatanga. Ko ngā whakaaro e rua i tautokona e Munger kua waiho hei mea whakararuraru mō Brown, e pau ana ngā rauemi mai i tana kaupapa pōti e takoto kau ana i waenganui i te angitu me te kore angitu.
Mai i tana tīmatanga ki te mahi i te marama o Hānuere 2011, i whakapau kaha a Brown, 74 tau te pakeke, ki te whakatika i te raruraru tahua hou o California mā te pikinga taake kei mua i ngā pōti i tēnei ngahuru. Ki te kore tēnei, kei te whakamahere te kawanatanga ki te tapahi i ngā whakapaunga tata ki te $6 piriona hei whakakī i te hapa.
I whakatairanga a Brown i runga i te tautohe i mōhio ia ki te whakahaere i te ao tōrangapū, engari kāore i taea e ia te whakarite i tētahi whakaaetanga tahua me te hunga Republican e hiahia ana ki te whakaaro ki te whakapiki i te taake. Ko te hua ko te Proposition 30, e kawe tika ana i tana tono taake rangitahi ki ngā kaipōti.
Kua tukuna e te kāwana rongonui he kōwhiringa ki ngā tāngata o California: te whakamana i te Ture 30, te whakahē rānei i ngā whakahekenga nui i roto i te mātauranga tūmatanui me ētahi atu ratonga nui. I tēnei wā, e tata ana ki te 50 ōrau te hunga tautoko i te ture.
I te tīmatanga o te marama whakamutunga o te kaupapa tōrangapū, he maha ngā rōpū e arai ana i tōna ara e tautokona ana e te moni a Munger.
I TE MAUI
Kei tōna taha maui ko Molly Munger, me te Ture 38, he pikinga taake moni whiwhi whānui e tuku tika ana i ngā moni whiwhi ki te mātauranga kōhungahunga tae atu ki te kura tuarua. He whakataetae tika tēnei ture ki te tono a Brown, e whakaatu ana i te pikinga taake hoko wā poto me te pikinga taake moni whiwhi mō ngā tāngata whiwhi nui.
Mā te kaupapa a Munger ka whakapiki ake te taake moni whiwhi i runga i te tauine pahekeheke puta noa i te poari mō ngā tau 12, ko te hunga whai rawa te hunga e utu ana i te hea nui rawa atu – ko te hunga e whiwhi ana i te $2.5 miriona neke atu ka kite i te pikinga o ā rātou reiti taake mā te 2.2 ōrau. Ka kohia e ia te $10 piriona i te tau, ā, ka tohaina te 30 ōrau o ngā moni ki ngā utu nama a te kāwanatanga i ngā tau tuatahi e whā.
Mā te mahere a Brown ka whakapiki ake i te taake hoko mā te hauwhā hēneti mō ngā tau e whā, ā, ka whakapiki ake hoki i te taake moni whiwhi whaiaro mō te hunga e whiwhi ana i te neke atu i te $250,000 mō ngā tau e whitu. Ka kohia e ia te $6 piriona ia tau i ngā tau tōmua, ā, ka taea e te kāwanatanga te karo i te $6 piriona i roto i ngā tapahi ki te mātauranga kua whakaritea kia whai mana mēnā ka kore te kaupapa e tutuki.
Ki te eke te tautoko e rua ki te 50 ōrau, ka whai mana te mea he nui rawa ngā pōti. Kāore tetahi o ēnei e tuturu.
E $28 miriona tāra te moni kua kohia e Munger ki te kaupapa Prop 38, arā, ko te 99 ōrau katoa o te moni katoa i kohia. Ko tana kaupapa pānuitanga pouaka whakaata hou e anga ana ki a Brown me tana kaupapa, e kī ana kāore e taea te whakawhirinaki ki ngā kaitōrangapū ki te moni tāke, ā, ko ngā āpiha me ngā kaiārahi ā-rohe me whakahaere ngā moni hou.
Kua āwangawanga a Brown me ōna hoa mō te nuinga o te tau kei whakapoauau ngā kaupapa taake whakataetae i ngā kaipōti, ā, ka hinga rātou katoa. "Ka āraihia ngā mea katoa o te kaupapa tōrangapū e ngā mea katoa," te kōrero a Brown ki a Reuters i ngā wā tata nei, i te pātaitanga mō ngā mahi a Molly Munger i te taha o tētahi huihuinga tōrangapū.
I te Athenaeum, he karapu whakairo rakau i te puni o Cal Tech i Pasadena, ka kōwhiri a Molly Munger i tētahi huamata tuna me te āwōkātō, ka kōrero mō ētahi meneti, kāore i mutu, mō te kaupapa here kei muri i tana mahere me tōna rerekētanga i tā Brown.
"Mā ngā rohe ā-rohe e whakatau me pēhea te whakamahi i te moni," tana kī, ā, me whakatakoto e rātou he mahere māmā, tae atu ki te ine i te ahunga whakamua, me te whakaputa i ngā hua i ia tau.
"Mā te whakakotahitanga o te hangarau pai me te pūrongo mārama ka taea e tātou te whakahaere i te nui o ngā mahi tirotiro, me te kore e nui ngā mahi tari," tana kī.
Kua tautoko ngā uniana kaiako i a Brown, me te titiro koinei te kaupapa whai tūponotanga angitu tōrangapū pai rawa atu hei āwhina i ngā kura me te whakamana i te korenga o ngā tapahi tahua. Kua tautoko te Rōpū Matua Kaiako ā-rohe i te mahere a Molly Munger.
TE AHUHANGA ME TE TŌRANGAPŪ
E whakaahua ana ngā tuākana, teina Munger i ngā kōrerorero whānau hihiri mō ngā mahi tōrangapū me ngā kaupapa here i te wā e tipu ake ana, nā tō rātou pāpā i whakaoho. "He huarahi tō taku pāpā ki te whakaohooho i ngā mea, mena kāore i te tino ora," tana kī.
Kāore a Mr. Munger Sr., te tumuaki tuarua o Berkshire Hathaway, i whakautu mai ki ngā tono mō ētahi kōrero.
He kaiwhakapae ture ā-motu o mua a Molly Munger, ā, i noho hei kaitautoko i ngā tika tangata, ā, i whakarewahia e ia te Advancement Project, e whawhai ana mō te ōritetanga o te pūtea mātauranga kura tūmatanui.
He tohunga ahupūngao tōna tungāne, a Charles, i Te Whare Wānanga o Stanford. I roto i te tekau tau kua pahure ake nei, i uru atu ia ki te ao tōrangapū. I uru atu ia ki ngā pakanga ine pōti i tukua ai te wehewehe rohe ki ngā ringaringa o ngā tāngata whenua, ā, i whakatuwherahia ai te pūnaha tuatahi ahakoa te rōpū. Ināianei kei te tango moni ia i roto i te ao tōrangapū.
I TE MATAU
Ko te ine a Charles Munger, e mōhiotia nei ko te Prop 32, koinei pea te raru nui rawa atu o Brown i tōna taha matau.
Ka aukatia ngā koha katoa a ngā kamupene me ngā uniana ki ngā kaitono tōrangapū. Ko te whakaritenga tautohenga rawa atu ko tētahi e aukati ana i ngā uniana ki te whakamahi i ngā utu kua tangohia mai i ngā utu mō ngā kaupapa tōrangapū.
I te kitenga o ngā uniana i tētahi wero nui, kua oati rātou ki te whakakore i te kaupapa nei neke atu i te $40 miriona. Mēnā kāore, kua taea te whakamahi i taua moni hei tautoko i ngā pikinga taake kua whakaarohia e Brown.
Kua hoatu e Charles tata ki te $1 miriona ki te kaupapa whakatairanga kia whakamanahia te Ture Whakatakotoranga 32, me tētahi atu $4 miriona ki te Komiti Mahi Pakihi Iti, he rōpū matatika e whakahē ana i te ture taake a Brown, e tautoko ana hoki i te ture whakahē-uniana.
"Ko te kaupapa o te 32 he kī kei a Sacramento te nuinga o te mana whakahaere o tētahi rōpū iti o ngā pānga motuhake," te kī a Munger.
He maha ngā rōpū mahi e ārahi ana i te pakanga pūtea mō te tono taake a Brown kua nui ake te moni i hoatu hei whakakore i te tono a Charles Munger. Hei tauira, kua hoatu e te PAC matua o te Ratonga Kaimahi o te Ao neke atu i te $5.5 miriona ki ngā mahi whakahē i te Ture 32 i tēnei tau, me te neke atu i te $2 miriona hei tautoko i te kaupapa a Brown.
E ai ki a Maria Elena Durazo, te hēkeretari/kaitiaki taonga o te Los Angeles County Federation of Labor, ko te moni whakahē i te Prop 32 i whakamahia pea hei tautoko i te kaupapa whakapiki taake a Brown, hei āwhina rānei i te kaupapa pōtitanga anō a te Perehitini Barack Obama i ngā kawanatanga pōti.
I tukuna ngā tono a Brown mō ngā kōrero mō tēnei kōrero ki te kaitohutohu kaupapa Prop 30, a Dan Newman. Kāore ia i pai ki te kōrero mō ngā Mungers, engari i mea ia: "Mēnā ka whakatau ētahi pirionaire ki te whakapau i ō rātou taonga ki te whakaeke i a mātou, ka uaua ake tā mātou mahi."
TE WHAKAHURI I NGĀ HONONGA
Ki tā Charles Munger, ko te tukanga kaupapa pōrearea — me te huri haere o ngā hoa rangatira me ngā take — koinei te huarahi e tika ana kia mahi ai te manapori oraora. Koinei te mea i whakaarohia e ngā matua whakatū pēnei i a James Madison i a rātou e whakatū ana i ngā arowhai me ngā taurite o te Ture o Amerika, e ai ki a ia.
"Me i reira he huinga hononga me ngā wehenga e huri haere tonu ana, e ai ki tā Madison i whakaaro ai ka mahi te manapori i roto i tā tātou whare ture, ka nui ake tōna kawenga ki ngā hiahia o te iwi i tōna āhua," tana kī.
(Reuters)
