Zingakhale zosavuta kutsutsa sayansi yopita patsogolo ya sayansi ya zakuthambo ngati ntchito yanzeru yomwe ingasiyidwe nthawi zambiri yopanda phindu. Kufunafuna zamoyo zakunja kwa dziko lapansi ndi maulendo okasaka zamoyo m'malo ovuta kwambiri a Dziko Lapansi - kuchokera pansi pa nyanja ndi malo ovuta kwambiri a Antarctica - zikuwoneka ngati zinthu zapamwamba kwa ofufuza osangalatsa komanso asayansi a zakuthambo.
Chidwi chokhudza zamoyo zakunja sichinayambe lero; Agiriki akale ankadzifunsa ngati pali maiko ena okhalamo. Koma posachedwapa kufufuza zamoyo zakunja kwathandizidwa ndi zoyeserera — ma telescopes ofufuza mapulaneti ofanana ndi Dziko Lapansi ozungulira nyenyezi zakutali, ma rovers, monga a NASA Curiosity, kusaka zamoyo pa Mars.
Pofuna kuwunika bwino ngati moyo ungakhale kwina, astrobiology yakhazikitsanso ntchito zapakhomo zomvetsetsa momwe moyo unasinthira pa Dziko Lapansi, momwe moyo wakhalapo padziko lapansi kwa zaka zoposa mabiliyoni atatu ndi theka komanso momwe umakhalira bwino kwambiri m'njira zomwe anthu amaona ngati zosasangalatsa kwenikweni kwa moyo.
Charles Cockell, Yunivesite ya Edinburgh
Povumbulutsa zinsinsi za kupulumuka kwa moyo padziko lapansi, astrobiology yapeza kuti ena apeza kuti ufa umene umagwira ntchito mu makina anu ochapira pa kutentha kwambiri umagwira ntchito chifukwa uli ndi mapuloteni ochokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timamera m'magwero otentha a mapiri.
Anapezeka koyamba ndi asayansi (omwe masiku ano amadzitcha akatswiri a zakuthambo) pofuna kudziwa momwe moyo umasinthira ku malo akale komanso oyaka moto.
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Komabe, malo ena abwino kwambiri ofufuzira zamoyo zakale pa Mars ndi malo omwe madzi mwina anali atakumana ndi miyala ya mapiri, komanso makina akale amadzi otentha komwe mikhalidwe ingakhale yabwino kwa zamoyo.
Pamene akatswiri a zakuthambo akufufuza ndi kufufuza pakati pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakhala m'malo ovuta kwambiri padziko lapansi kuti amvetse kuthekera kwa moyo kwina, amaphunzira zinthu zomwe zingathandize pazachuma.
Kugwirizana pakati pa kufunafuna zamoyo zakunja kwa dziko lapansi ndi mavuto athu ochokera ku Dziko Lapansi sikodabwitsa, chifukwa kwenikweni zonse ndi chinthu chimodzi - kumvetsetsa momwe moyo, kaya ife kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ungasungidwire m'chilengedwe chonse. Kachirombo kakang'ono kamene kali pa Mars kangafunike kusintha kuti kakhale mumtsinje wotentha kwambiri. Munthu padziko lapansi ayenera kupeza njira yoyeretsera zovala zake kutentha kwambiri.
Onse akuyesera kupeza ndalama pa dziko lapansi ndipo onse akuyesera kuchita izi bwino momwe angathere popanda kuwononga moyo wawo. Onse angapeze kuti akhoza kugawana njira yofanana yochitira zinthuzi.
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Sizachilendo kupeza akatswiri a zachilengedwe omwe akudabwa kuti tingathe kuwononga mabiliyoni ambiri kufunafuna zamoyo ku Mars ndi ofufuza za mlengalenga omwe amaona kuti kuyang'ana kwambiri pa zachilengedwe kumachepetsa kufikira ndi masomphenya a chitukuko chathu. Magulu onse awiriwa a anthu ali ndi mphamvu zosiyana ndi masomphenya awo.
Charles Cockell, Yunivesite ya Edinburgh
Akatswiri a zachilengedwe akumvetsa mavuto akuluakulu omwe ali patsogolo pa anthu okwana mabiliyoni asanu ndi awiri okhala m'thanthwe lokhala ndi mainchesi 12,500 okha; ofufuza za mlengalenga akumvetsa kuti ngati akwaniritsa masomphenya awo, ndikukhazikitsa kukhalapo kwa anthu kosatha kupitirira Dziko Lapansi, sadzangotsegula mwayi watsopano wodziwa zinthu ndi zinthu, komanso adzawonjezera mwayi wopulumuka kwa nthawi yayitali wa chitukuko chathu.
Tsopano, kuposa nthawi ina iliyonse, tikufunika masomphenya ogwirizana. Sayansi ya zakuthambo ndi mlatho pakati pa kumvetsetsa Dziko Lathu Lapansi ndi kufufuza malo ndipo imatikumbutsa kuti ntchito zonsezi sizimangogwirizana, koma kwenikweni ndi vuto limodzi lofanana.
Mwa kufufuza chiyambi ndi kusintha kwa moyo padziko lapansi ndi kupitirira apo, timaphunzira zinthu zothandiza pakukhala padziko lapansi ndi malo okhala.
Tikangoona momwe kukonda zachilengedwe ndi kukhazikika kwa mlengalenga zimagwirizanirana, sitidzayang'ananso mtsogolo momwe tiyenera kulimbana ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu ziwiri: kukhazikitsa malo kapena kusunga malo a Dziko Lapansi — kapena mtsogolo momwe tili ndi mavuto awiri akuluakulu oti tigwirizane nthawi imodzi.
M'malo mwake, tikukumana ndi tsogolo lokhala ndi vuto limodzi - kumanga malo okhala anthu okhazikika m'chilengedwe chonse, kaya padziko lapansi kapena mlengalenga.
Sayansi yomwe imapanga chidziwitso chomwe chimayambitsa izi, sayansi ya zakuthambo, imakhala guluu pakati pa magulu awiriwa ndipo imatipatsa mwayi wokhala alonda a malo osungiramo madzi mumlengalenga.
(CNN)
