Hamas inopesana neFatah: Imwe Kurwira Palestine (1)

Kunetsana kwehama kana hondo yevagari vekuPalestine yakatanga kunyanya muna 2006 mushure mekukunda kweHamas mumutemo uye yakaenderera mberi kusvika 2010. Kunetsana kuri pakati pemapato maviri makuru ePalestine: Hamas uye Fatah. Kunetsana kwakasimba uku kunoitwa nedzimwe nyanzvi dziri kuongorora nyaya yeIsrael-Palestine inonzi "kumwe kurwira Palestine” or “Inside battle.” Kuti uongorore uye unzwisise mufananidzo wose, vatambi vanofanira kuverengwa uye vanozivikanwa vakaedza kutonga mukati mePalestine. Panyaya iyi, chinangwa chepepa iri kuita kuenzanisa pakati peHamas neFatah uye kuvarondedzera.

Palestine inyika iri mumhirizhonga. Mukati memiganhu yayo mapato maviri ezvematongerwo enyika Hamas neFatah vari kunetsana pamusoro pekutonga kwenyika yavo nezviwanikwa zvayo. Mapato akasiya kubva kudhipatimendi kuenda kumhirizhonga zvakare uye ari kutarisana nemakakatanwa echitendero uye enzvimbo neIsrael uye mumwe nemumwe.

Hamas isangano rezvematongerwo enyika uye rezvemagariro ane bapiro remhirizhonga uye rinozivikanwa se Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades iyo yakawana hutongi hweparamende yePalestine nesarudzo dzegutsaruzhinji uye yakatanga kushanda muGaza Strip. Nekusina kutengeserana kupinda kana kubuda muGaza, Hamas inopokana nepfungwa yakakurumbira munharaunda iri kunetseka. Sezvo Hamas isingaratidzi zviratidzo zvekudzikisa kutonga kwayo zvine simba kweGaza strip, nharaunda yepasi rose inoona Fatah seimwe nzira yepamusoro.[1] Nerutsigiro rweUS neIsrael, mutungamiri wePalestine, Mahmoud Abbas, vakwanisa kuchengetedza hutongi hweWest Bank isina kugadzikana uye kugadza dare remakurukota, kunyange hazvo dare remakurukota risati rabvumwa nekongiresi yeHamas. Nekutonga kweHamas kweGaza, kutonga kwaFatah kweWest Bank, hapana ane masimba uye hapana bato riri kutaurirana. Naizvozvo Palestine pamwe yave pedyo nehondo yevagari vemo kupfuura kare.

Nhoroondo Yekukonana

Mushure mekuumbwa kwekanzuru inotungamirwa neHamas munaKurume 20, 2006, kunetsana pakati peFatah neHamas varwi veHamas kwakakwira zvishoma nezvishoma muGaza strip. Vatungamiri veFatah vakaramba kutora mirairo kubva kuhurumende apo Palestinian Authority yakatanga chirongwa chekuratidzira, kuponda uye kupambwa kweHamas izvo zvakakonzera mhinduro yeHamas. Vehungwaru vekuIsrael vakayambira Mahmoud Abbas kuti Hamas yanga yaronga kumuuraya kuhofisi yake kuGaza. Maererano nerimwe bhuku rePalestine riri pedyo naAbbas, Hamas inotora mutungamiri Abbas sechipingamupinyi pakutonga kwayo kwakazara pamusoro pePalestine uye yakafunga kumuuraya[2]. Mune chirevo cheAl Jazeera, mutungamiri weHamas Mohammed Nazzal, akapomera Abbas kuve bato rekukomba nekuzviparadzanisa nehurumende inotungamirwa neHamas.[3]

Musi waChikumi 9, 2006, panguva yehondo yeIsrael, kuputika kwakaitika pamhenderekedzo yeGaza yakabatikana, kuuraya vanhu vasere vePalestine. Zvaifungidzirwa kuti kupfura kweIsrael ndiko kwakakonzera kuuraya uku, asi vakuru vehurumende yeIsrael vakaramba izvi. Hamas yakasiya zviri pamutemo kumisa kurwa kwemwedzi gumi nematanhatu muna Chikumi 16, ichitora mutoro wekurwiswa kweroketi kweQassam kwakatangwa kubva kuGaza kuenda kuIsrael. Musi waChikumi 10, mauto maviri eIsrael akaurayiwa uye mumwe, Gilad Shalit, akapambwa zvichitevera kupinda kwakabatana kwaFatah, Islamic Jihad, uye Hamas. Mukupindura, mazuva matatu gare gare, mauto eIsrael akatanga Operation Summer Rains, kuchengetedza kusunungurwa kwemurwi akapambwa, kusunga 25 Hamas vakuru. [64] Pakati pavo paive nemakurukota masere ePalestinian Authority cabinet uye nhengo dzinosvika makumi maviri dzePalestinian Legislative Council. Kusungwa uku, pamwe nezvimwe zviitiko, zvakatadzisa dare reparamende rinotungamirwa neHamas kushanda panguva yakawanda yenguva yayo.

Musi waFebruary 2007 nhaurirano dzakatsigirwa neSaudi muMecca dzakagadzira chibvumirano pane chakasainwa naMahmoud Abbas achimiririra Fatah naKhaled Mashal vakamiririra Hamas. Hurumende itsva yakashevedzwa kuti izadzise zvinangwa zvenyika yePalestine sezvakabvumwa nePalestine National Council, zvinyorwa zveBasic Law uye National Reconciliation Document pamwe nesarudzo dzemusangano weArab. Muna Kurume 2007, Palestinian Legislative Council yakamisa hurumende yemubatanidzwa, ine vamiriri makumi masere nevatatu vachipikisa. Makurukota ehurumende akatoreswa mhiko naMahmoud Abbas, sachigaro wePalestine Authority, pamhemberero dzakafanana muGaza neRamallah. Muna June gore iroro, hondo itsva yakatanga pakati peHamas neFatah. Mukufamba kwaChikumi 83 Hondo yeGaza, Hamas yakashandisa kuparara kwemauto ePalestinian Authority muGaza, kuchengetedza kutonga kweGaza, kudzinga vakuru veFatah. Mutungamiri Mahmoud Abbas vakabva vadzinga hurumende yaitungamirwa neHamas Palestinian Authority ndokurambidza mauto eHamas. Vanosvika mazana matanhatu ePalestine vakafa mukurwisana pakati peHamas neFatah. Human Rights Watch, boka rinogara kuUS, rakapomera mativi ese ari maviri mugakava rekushungurudza uye mhosva dzehondo.[2007]

Human Rights Watch inofungidzira mazana emazana eGazan "akaremadzwa" uye akatambudzwa mushure mehondo yeGaza. 73 varume veGazan vanopomerwa mhosva "kubatana"  nokuti vakanga vatyorwa maoko nemakumbo “vapari vemhosva vasingazivikanwi” uye vanhu gumi nevasere vekuPalestine vaipomerwa mhosva yekudyidzana neIsrael, avo vakatiza kubva mukomboni huru yejeri reGaza mushure mekunge Israel yabhomba nzvimbo iyi, vakaurayiwa nevakuru vezvekuchengetedzwa kweHamas mumazuva ekutanga ehondo. Mauto anoona nezvekuchengetedzwa kweHamas anonzi apfura nekushungurudza vanhu vekuPalestine vaipikisa hutongi hweHamas kuGaza uye vakatsigira pachena kurwisa kweIsrael. Mumwe akabatwa, achipora kubva pamavanga akawanda epfuti pagumbo, akaudza Human Rights Watch kuti akanga ari “Ndinofara zvikuru kuti vakabhomba pandakanga ndava kupera simba sweets. " Mune imwe nyaya, muPalestine akatsoropodza Hamas mukukurukurirana mumugwagwa nedzimwe shamwari. Gare gare muzuva iroro, vanopfuura gumi nevaviri varume vane zvombo vane masiki matema uye matsvuku Kaffiyeh akatora murume uyu kubva kumba kwake, ndokumuunza kwaaigara ari ega uko vakamupfura katatu pazasi pemakumbo nemumakumbo. Murume uyu akaudza Human Rights Watch kuti haaite zvematongerwo enyika. Mauto anochengetedza Hamas akarwisa mazana evakuru veFatah vaitsigira Israel. Human Rights Watch yakabvunzurudza mumwe munhu akadai:

“Taive tiri vasere takagara ipapo. Tese takabva kuFatah. Ipapo varwi vatatu vakazvifukidza kumeso vakapinda. Vakanga vakapfeka yunifomu dzehondo dzebrown; vese vaive nepfuti. Vakatinongedza nepfuti vakatituka, vakabva vatanga kutirova nesimbi, kusanganisira kamukomana kaiva nemakore 10 kavakarova kumeso. Vakati takadaro "vashandi" uye “vasina kutendeka”.Vakandirova nesimbi nemagaro epfuti for 15 minutes. Vakadanidzira vachiti: “Munofara kuti Israeri iri kutibhomba!” kusvikira vanhu vabuda mudzimba dzavo, ivo vakadzokera havo.[6]

(Zvichaenderera mberi)

1. Phillips Academy Model Musangano weUnited Nations 2007: Joint Cabinet, http://www.scribd.com/doc/21006446/THE-HAMS-FATAH-CONFLICT, (15 Zvita 2010)