Pamusoro paObama's Middle East Policy naProfessor Tayyar Arı vanobva kuUludağ University
Arı: Kutanga kutama kubva kuTurkey pamwe chete neUnited States kubva kuIsrael kwave pachena kuve mamiriro ekushungurudzika muIsrael.
Muzvinafundo Tayyar Arı, anozivikanwa nebasa rake kuMiddle East, akapindura mubvunzo wedu nezve Middle East mutemo weUS munguva itsva. Arı inoratidza hurukuro yekune dzimwe nyika yeUS munguva yaObama uye shanduko muhukama neIsrael.
ORSAM: Unoongorora sei mutemo wekutonga kwaObama paMiddle East zvakazara, zviri mumamiriro e "Anti-hugandanga" uye maererano newe, ndeupi musiyano uripo nehutungamiriri hwekare?
Muzvinafundo Tayyar Arı: Hondo pamusoro pehugandanga ndiyo yaive sirogani huru uye mutemo wekutanga weBush. Vasati vasarudzwa mutungamiri wenyika VaObama uye mushure mekunge vasarudzwa, mutungamiri wenyika VaObama vakati vacharwisana neAl-Qaeda kuitira kuti hugandanga hupere panyaya yekuchengetedzwa kweAmerica. Nekudaro, mukuwedzera kune mutsauko mukuru wemaitiro, panguva yekurwira uku, akangwarira kuti asakuvadza rusununguko mukati uye akachengetedza basa rake nekunzvenga sirogani yakanyanyisa pasina kukanganisa nyika yechiIslam kunze kwenyika. Chekutanga, hutongi hwaObama hwakanyatso dzivirira kushandiswa kwe "hondo pahugandanga" pfungwa inoshandiswa neBush administrator uye neimwe nzira, kushandiswa kwemazano aya kwakasiiwa. Naizvozvo, kunyangwe VaObama vachipa huremu kumutemo weAfghanistan, haataure izvi zvakananga se "hondo yehugandanga". Nekuti zvinogona kunzi VaObama vanoteerera kupa mameseji anodziya kunyika yeIslam uye kusashandisa hugandanga uye pfungwa dzechiIslam padivi padivi pakuenzanisa neBush iyo yakatora maMuslim ese kurwisa ivo nekuda kwekushandiswa kwe "hondo yekutyisa". Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa muhurukuro dzake zvose muTurkey neEgypt. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya haareve kuti VaObama vakasiya kurwisa hugandanga parutivi uye hapana kupokana kuti zviri pahurongwa hwehutongi hwaObama. Zvakare, nyaya yeAfghanistan inoumba hurongwa hwekutanga hwemitemo yekunze maererano nehutongi hwaObama. VaObama vanoshoropodzwa kuita vasingadi kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemauto muAfghanistan kunyanya nekudzvanyirirwa kwakanyanya kwekodzero. Hondo yaVaBush pamusoro pemitemo yehugandanga yakurudzira Israel kuti ione vanhu vese vekuPalestine semagandanga uye yakakurudzira kuona mhirizhonga seyo chete nzira yekugadzirisa matambudziko. Aya ndiwo mamiriro apo Obama anoda kuchinja. Kunyangwe hutongi hutsva hweAmerica hwakajeka husina shanduko mugwaro ravo rekuenda kuHamas, vanoziva kuti havagone kugadzirisa dambudziko iri pasina Hamas. VaObama vakasangana nekushoropodzwa zvakanyanya uye kudzvinyirirwa nevezvenhau vezvematongerwo enyika nenyika dzezvematongerwo enyika nekuda kwekumanikidza Israel, vachiita vasingadi kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemauto muAfghanistan uye kunyanya nemutemo wake weIran. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya akataurwa kakawanda. Vaimbove Mutungamiriri Carter vanopikisa zvakabuda (kutaura kwaJoe Wilson, anova Mutevedzeri weRepublican, muCongress panguva yemusangano wemubatanidzwa anonyepa kuti Obama) vachiona serusarura, ongororo yaimbova mutungamiri Bill Clinton, yaive yekuti Obama akatarisana nekurangana. kodzero yakanyanyisa, uye mashoko asina kunaka echinyorwa cheNew York Times chakanyorwa naPaul Krugman pamusoro pekushoropodzwa kwaObama ndizvo zvakabuda zvine chinangwa chekukwevera pfungwa kune idzi dzvinyiriro. Hutongi hwaObama, kunyanya VaObama, vanosarudza nzira yekuchenjerera pamusoro peAfghanistan neIran, iyo yakasiyana nehurongwa hwaBush, vachipesana nekuedza kwebapiro rekurudyi. Nekune rimwe divi, mamiriro ezvinhu aya anoshoropodzwa zvine hukasha nevamwe vake izvo zvinogona kuturikirwa sekushaya simba uye kushaya kufanoona.
Iwe unoongorora sei maonero eAmerican Administration kuhurumende itsva yeIsrael uye iwe unofunga here kuti mumazuva anouya, pachava nekumanikidzwa mukati mehutano hweIsrael Israel-Palestine hurukuro dzerunyararo?
Mutsika yechinyakare yeUnited States, Israeri yave ine kukosha kwepakati. Nyaya iyi yave kuda kusvika pamusoro munguva yemutungamiri wenyika VaGeorge Bush. Zvakadaro, marongero akateverwa naBush akaunganidza mhinduro hombe mukati nekunze uye mamiriro aya anewo abrasive maitiro pamufananidzo weAmerica. Nyaya iyi yatove imwe yenzira huru dzekusarudzwa kwaVaObama semutungamiri wenyika. Kunyange hazvo chikwata chaObama chaive chisiri muchimiro chakajeka chakanangana neIsrael panguva yeGaza, vaiziva kuti hapazove nekufambira mberi parunyararo rweMiddle East nemaitiro eIsrael anoramba aripo. Pamusoro pezvo, VaObama vakapa tariro kunyika dzechiIslam uye vakati mutsara wakasiyana unofanirwa kutevedzwa zvese kutaura kwavo kuTurkey musi waKubvumbi 6 uye kutaura kwavo kuEgypt musi waChikumi 4. Maererano negwaro iri, Obama akataura kuti aipesana neIsrael zvachose. kuvakwa kwegwaro idzva rekugara mumusangano kuWhite House naNetanyahu wakaitwa muna Chivabvu 14 uye wake muhurukuro dzake dzakazotevera. Muchokwadi, kunyangwe mwedzi mishoma yapfuura mushure mekusarudzwa kwake, mutungamiri weAmerica akaronga kushanya kwakakosha kunyika dzenharaunda dzakadai seTurkey, Saudi Arabia neEgypt uye haana kuuya kuIsrael kekutanga. Pandakanga ndiri munyika ino, yaive muhafu yekutanga yaChikumi, ndakawana mukana wekuona kudhindwa kwayo paIsrael. MuIsrael, vese vezvematongerwo enyika nevakangwara vari kushamisika nekuda kwemaitiro eUS. Chaizvoizvo, chikonzero chega chekuvhiringidzika uku hakusi kufuratira US kuIsrael. Kusangana nematambudziko akakomba neTurkey, iyo inonyanya kukosha nyika yakabatana munharaunda, uye kutanga kutama kubva kuTurkey kubva kuIsrael zvakare kwave kushungurudza kwakajeka muIsrael. Nekudaro, muIsrael, munhu wese, ane njere uye asingasviki kunyaya iyi mupfungwa, anonyatsoziva kuti kuvharika muhurongwa hwerunyararo ndiro dambudziko guru pakati penyika mbiri idzi. Nekudaro, nekuda kwebudiriro yakanaka muhurongwa hwerunyararo, Israel inokwanisa kuona hukama hwayo nevaimbodyidzana navo vaviri. Asi vanhu vanonyatsoziva chimiro cheUnited States vanoziva kuti hazvisi nyore kumanikidza Israeri. Rudyi rwakanyanyisa, avo vakatsigira Bush kare, vava kupikisa Obama zvakanyanya. Kunyanya, Hudson Institute, American Enterprise, Weekly Standard uye Fox TV masangano ekutsvagisa uye masangano enhau, ayo aimbove pakati peiyo neo-cons, anopikisa Obama zvizere. Nekudaro, anti-Obamas vakabudirira zvakanyanya pakuita runyararo rweMiddle East nekukwevera pfungwa paAfghanistan neIran. Hurukuro yemaonero eruzhinji rweAmerica mune zvekunze mutemo zvakateerana Iran, Afghanistan, Iraq neMiddle East runyararo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, handifungi kuti pachava nezviri pachena kukura kwakakosha munguva pfupi. Nekudaro, pachave nekumwe maneuvers kuitira kuchengetedza mufananidzo.
Chekupedzisira, unofungei nezve zvematongerwo enyika zveIraq zvichagadzirika mushure mekubuda kweAmerica muIraq, kunyanya kuhutongi hwaObama muhurongwa hwekugona kuvakwa kwezvigaro zvemauto eAmerica kuchamhembe kweIraq? Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, unogona here kuongorora hukama hweUS neTurkey mumamiriro eNATO?
Zviripachena, tinogona kutaura kuti manejimendi eUS anonyatso funga iyi imwe nzira kunyanya munguva yeBush. Nekudaro, kana isu tichifunga hukama hwehutongi hwaObama neTurkey, imwe nzira yemamiriro ezvinhu iyi yakadzikira asi kwete kusvika pasherufu. Vanhu vanofunga pane dzimwe nzira idzi vanhu vanocheka tariro yavo kubva kuTurkey uye vachiona vaKurds sevabatsiri uye vanhu vanozivikanwa nokuda kwekodzero yavo yepamusoro yekuswedera pedyo neIsrael. Nekudaro, mumazuva ano, hukama hweTurkey-America huri kusangana neimwe nzira. Nekudaro, ini handifunge kuti imwe nzira yakadaro haizosimudzwa nekutonga kwaObama, izvo zvinogadzira kusachengeteka kwakanyanya mumutsara weAnkara-Washington uye kuita kuti hukama hudzoke zvakare.
Wadiwa Ari, waita basa nekugovera ruzivo rwako rwakakosha nesu.
