Warbixintii ugu dambeysay ee ka soo baxday Machadka Cilmi-baarista Nabadda ee Caalamiga ah ee Stockholm (SIPRI), oo la daabacay 10-kii Maarso, ayaa daaha ka qaaday in dadaalka Yurub ee lagu dhimayo ku tiirsanaanta awoodda difaaca Mareykanka ay weli tahay hawl adag.
Halganka Yurub ee Madax-bannaanida Difaaca
Wadamada Yurub ayaa si isa soo taraya u qaadaya talaabooyin aan horay loo arag oo ku saabsan kharashaadka difaaca. Dadaalkaas waxaa ka mid ah isku dayga lagu dhimayo ku tiirsanaanta Washington, tallaabadaas oo ay saameyn ku yeelatay siyaasadda madaxweynihii hore ee Mareykanka Donald Trump.
Sida warbixinta lagu sheegay, dalalka Yurub ayaa weli si weyn ugu tiirsan hubka uu Mareykanku sameeyo. Laga soo bilaabo 2020 ilaa 2024, 64% hubka ay soo dajiyeen xubnaha NATO ee Yurub waxay ka yimaadeen Mareykanka Tani waxay calaamad u tahay kororka 52% ee la diiwaangeliyay intii u dhaxeysay 2015 iyo 2019.
Awoodda Mareykanka ee Suuqa Hubka Adduunka
Mareykanka ayaa weli ah hormuudka iibiyeyaasha hubka caalamiga ah. Saamiga ay ku leedahay dhoofinta hubka adduunka ayaa kordhay 35% 2015-2019 ilaa 43% afartii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Waxaa xusid mudan, markii ugu horreysay muddo labaatan sano ah, Yurub (35%) waxay la wareegtay Bariga Dhexe (33%) oo ah cidda ugu badan ee hesha hubka Mareykanka.
Cabsida Siyaasadda Maraykanka oo isbedelaysa
Joojinta Trump ee kaalmada milatari ee Ukraine ka dib markii ay isku dhaceen madaxweyne Volodymyr Zelensky ayaa walaac ku beertay guud ahaan Yurub. Cabsida laga qabo in Washington ay qaado tillaabooyin la mid ah kuwa ka dhanka ah xulafada Yurub ayaa sii kicisay doodaha ku saabsan dhimista ku tiirsanaanta taageerada difaaca Mareykanka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida natiijooyinka SIPRI ay muujinayaan, gaaritaanka yoolkan waa mid ka fog isla markiiba.
Ka Faa'iidaysiga Maraykanka ee Difaaca Yurub
Maraykanku waxa uu ku raaxaysanayaa sareynta tignoolajiyada iyo saadka ee difaaca, isaga oo siinaya awood weyn oo ku wajahan awoodaha milatari ee Yurub. Dhowr hab oo hub oo muhiim ah ayaa muujinaya ku tiirsanaantan:
- Diyaaradaha dagaalka ee F-16 looma wareejin karo wadamada qolo saddexaad la'aanteed ogolaanshaha Maraykanka.
- Nidaamyada difaaca gantaalaha Patriot waxay u baahan yihiin taageerada gantaalaha Mareykanka si ay si hufan ugu shaqeeyaan.
- Nidaamyada gantaalaha HIMARS ku tiirso isku-duwayaasha GPS-ka ee Maraykanku gacanta ku hayo
- Diyaaradaha dagaalka ee F-35 waxaa farsamo ahaan saldhig u noqon kara Maraykanka haddii loo baahdo.
Taariikh ahaan, wadamada Yurub waxay ku shaqaynayeen qaabka isbahaysiga iyo mabaadi'da istaraatiijiyadeed. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, horumarradii ugu dambeeyay waxay soo jeedinayaan degdegga sii kordhaya ee lagu kala duwanaanayo laguna xoojinayo waaxda difaaca ee Yurub.
Yurub ma sii wadi doontaa iibsashada Hubka Mareykanka?
In kasta oo ay sii kordhayaan baaqyada madaxbannaanida difaaca, falanqeeyayaal badan ayaa aaminsan in Yurub ay ahaan doonto mid fure u ah iibsada hubka Mareykanka. Pieter Wezeman, Cilmi-baare Sare oo ka tirsan Barnaamijka Wareejinta Hubka ee SIPRI, wuxuu xusay in iyadoo Yurub ay sameyneyso dadaallo lagu xoojinayo warshadaheeda hubka, xiriirka difaaca qotoda dheer ee ka gudba Atlantiga waa uu sii socdaa. Wadamada NATO ee ku sugan Yurub ayaa dalbaday ku dhawaad 500 oo diyaaradood oo kuwa dagaalka ah oo uu Mareykanka sameeyo, iyo kuwa kale oo hub ah.
Faransiiska iyo Talyaaniga oo kor u kacay dhoofinta hubka
Xogta SIPRI waxay iftiiminaysaa Faransiiska inuu yahay hormuudka dhoofinta hubka ee Midowga Yurub. Ka sarreeya Ruushka, Faransiiska ayaa hadda ku jira kaalinta labaad ee adduunka ka dib US Intii u dhaxaysay 2020 iyo 2024, dhoofinta hubka ee Faransiisku u dhoofiyo waddamada kale ee Yurub ayaa kor u kacay 187%, oo ay u badan tahay iibinta Greece, Croatia, iyo Ukraine. Hindiya iyo Qatar ayaa weli ah kuwa ugu horreeya ee iibsada Faransiiska.
Talyaanigu waxa kale oo uu diiwaangeliyay koror weyn oo dhoofinta hubka ah, isaga oo ka kacay kaalinta 10aad ilaa 6aad adduunka, iyada oo 138% uu kor u kacay iibka. Poland, oo ah shirkad kale oo hubka dhoofisa, waxay aragtay koror yaab leh oo 4031% ka ganacsiga hubka ah.
Hormuudka Yurub ee hubka soodejiya
Boqortooyada Ingiriiska ayaa kaalinta 508-aad kaga jirta liiska dadka hubka ka iibsada Yurub, waxaana ku soo xiga Poland oo iyadu diiwaan gelisay koror dhan 27% hubka la soo dhoofiyo. Netherlands ayaa ku jirta kaalinta seddexaad, halka Talyaanigu uu arkay hoos u dhaca ugu weyn, iyadoo XNUMX% uu hoos u dhacay soo dejinta.
La yaab ma leh, soo dejinta hubka ee Yurub afartii sano ee la soo dhaafay waa Ukraine, taas oo soo dejinteeda kor u kacday 9627% aan hore loo arag sababtoo ah dagaalka socda ee Ruushka.
Dhoofinta Hubka Ee Turkiga Oo Soo Kordhaysa
Turkiga waxa uu noqday wadan wax weyn ka tarta suuqa hubka aduunka, sida ka muuqata natiijada SIPRI. Laga soo bilaabo 2015 ilaa 2019, saamiga Turkiga ee dhoofinta hubka adduunka wuxuu ahaa 0.8%. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta u dhaxaysa 2020 iyo 2024, tiradan ayaa in ka badan labanlaabmay ilaa 1.7%, taas oo muujinaysa korodhka 103%. Turkiga ayaa hadda kaalinta 11-aad ka galay 25-ka waddan ee ugu horreeya ee dhoofiya hubka.
Soo dajiyaasha ugu sareeya ee Hubka Turkiga Muddadaas waxay ahaayeen Imaaraadka Carabta, Pakistan, iyo Qatar. Dhanka kale, hubkii Turkiga ee la soo degi jiray ayaa hoos u dhacay 33%, taasoo hoos u dhigtay saamigii uu ka heli jiray hubka caalamka laga keeno 1.1%.
Balaadhinta Istiraatiijiyadeed ee Turkiga ee Afrika
Hawlaha dublamaasiyadeed ee Turkiga ee Afrika ayaa sidoo kale ka muuqda ka ganacsiga hubka. Iyadoo walaaca amni uu sare u kacay, wadamada Galbeedka Afrika waxay labanlaabeen hubkooda marka loo eego xilliga 2015-2019. Turkiga ayaa hadda ka mid ah saddexda waddan ee ugu sarreeya wax-soo-saarka gobolka, oo ay weheliyaan Shiinaha (26%) iyo Faransiiska (14%), iyada oo Turkiga iyo Ruushka mid walba uu haysto 11%
Hoos u dhaca Ruushka ee iibka hubka
Dhoofinta hubka ee Ruushka ayaa soo wajahday hoos u dhac weyn, isagoo hoos u dhacay 62% sida ay sheegtay SIPRI. Khubaradu waxa ay arrintan ku macneeyeen dagaalka Ukraine, kaas oo kor u qaaday dalabaadka gudaha ee Ruushka ee dhanka qalabka milatariga, iyada oo ay barbar socoto cunaqabataynta reer galbeedka oo xadiday ka ganacsiga hubka. Ruushka ayaa weli ah alaab-qeybiyaha muhiimka ah ee Hindiya (38%), Shiinaha (17%), iyo Kazakhstan (11%), laakiin saameynteedu waxay sii yaraanaysaa suuqa adduunka.
Mustaqbalka Difaaca Yurub
Sida xiisadaha juqraafiga ah ay sii jiraan, Yurub waxay wajaheysaa go'aan muhiim ah: sii wadida ku tiirsanaanta taageerada militariga Mareykanka ama dardargelinta dadaallada ku wajahan isku filnaanta difaaca. Iyadoo xiriirka difaaca transatlantic uu sii xoogeysanayo, riixitaanka madax-bannaanida difaaca Yurub ayaa sii xoogeysanaya. Sannadaha soo socda ayaa daaha ka qaadi doona haddii Yurub ay ka xoroobi karto xukunka Maraykanka ama ay sii ahaan karto ciyaartoy muhiim ah oo ka tirsan shabakadda difaaca ee Washington.
