Ukuba umntu onengqondo, oselula, ongumSilamsi oyindoda okanye obhinqileyo okhululekileyo, ohleli kwilali, entlango okanye edolophini, uno nisâb isixa sepropathi okanye imali ukongeza kwinto ayifunayo, iba wâjib ukuba axhele isilwanyana esithile ngenjongo ye-Iydal-ad'ha (Iyd yeKurbân) kwiintsuku ezithile. Isidingo sibandakanya indlu enezixhobo zasekhaya kunye neeseti ezintathu zempahla. Ngokutsho kwe U-Shaikhayn (Imâm a'zam kunye no-Imâm Abu Yûsuf), utata kufuneka enze qurbân egameni lomntwana osisityebi (ukuba unomntwana osisityebi), iindleko zithathwa kwimpahla yomntwana. Inyama ayityiwa mntu ngaphandle komntwana. Inyama eshiywe ngumntwana iyathengiswa kwaye imali isetyenziselwa ukuthenga izinto ezihlala ixesha elide njengempahla yomntwana. Kodwa ke fatwâ iyavumelana ne Eka-Im'm Muhammad ijtihâd. Ngako oko, akunjalo wâjib ukuba uyise ayenzele i-qurbân ngenxa yomntwana wakhe, kungabi ngendleko yakhe okanye ngeendleko zomntwana. Siyichazile i-nisâb yequrbân kwintetho yethu ethi sadaqa fitr kwisahluko esingaphambili. Ngelixa echaza ngabantu (kunye namaziko) ekufuneka ahlawulwe zakat, Ibni 'Âbidîn uthi nokuba umntu ufumana isivuno esingakanani kwintsimi yakhe okanye kwirenti yonyaka ayifumanayo ngentsimi, indlu, ivenkile, [indawo yokusebenzela okanye ilori], ngokutsho. Imâm UMuhammad, uhlwempuzekile ukuba ayizifezekisi iimfuno zakhe zonyaka okanye ukuba umvuzo wakhe wenyanga awuhlangabezani neemfuno zakhe zenyanga kunye namatyala akhe kwabanye. I fatwâ iyavumelana nale nto. Nangona kunjalo, ngokutsho kwe Shaikhayn, okt ngokwe Ndim a'zam kwaye Ndim Abu Yûsuf, usisityebi. Kuba, ixabiso lentsimi, eliyipropati yakhe, okanye lempahla yakhe, lihlangabezana neemfuno zakhe, kwaye okuseleyo (ubuncinci) yimali nisâb. Ukwahlula isixa serenti nganye ayithathileyo, kufuneka agcine imali kwaye anike ifitra kwaye enze iqurbân. Oko kukuthi, kufuneka azuze okukhulu thowâb. Ukuba akayiniki i i-fitra kwaye akayenzi iqurbân, ukhululwe esonweni ngokwe U-Im'm Muhammad. Njengoko kubonakala, zombini ijtihâds zibekwe kakuhle kwaye ziyimicimbi yovelwano kumaSilamsi. Ukuba umntu kule meko akaniki fitra okanye enze i qurbân Imâm ZikaMuhammad ijtihâd uya kumsindisa kwintuthumbo. Umntu ongenakuyifumana imveliso yentsimi yakhe, okanye ongenakuyiqeshisa, nokuba yindoda nokuba yinkazana enempahla engaphezulu, kodwa engenamali: Ijtihad ka-Imâm Muhammad kwaye ayiniki i-fitra okanye wenze i qurbân. Ukuba unika i-fitra kwaye enze i qurbân, ufikelela kwi thowâb yefitra nequrbân ngokutsho kokugqibela ijtihâd. Umntu owenza isenzo sonqulo esingenjalo wâjib kuba yena uyazuza thowâb kunqulo oluphezulu ( nâfila ) kuphela. Akanako ukulufikelela thowâb ye wâjib. Ukuba uthe wabapha abasweleyo, wozuza thowâb ukwenzela amalizo, kananjalo. Kodwa ke thowâb yefitra kunye qurbân, yintoni
unqulo kuphela. Akanako ukulufikelela thowâb ye wâjib. Ukuba uthe wabapha abasweleyo, wozuza thowâb ukwenzela amalizo, kananjalo. Kodwa ke thowâb kuba i-fitra kunye ne-qurbân, eziyi-wâjib, inkulu kakhulu kunaleyo inikwe i-nâfila kunye ne-sunna. Kunjalo ke kulo lonke uhlobo lonqulo. Kubhaliwe ezincwadini Mîzân-ikubrâ kwaye Manâhij ukuba kunjalo sunnat-i-muakkada ngokwabanye abathathu Madhhabs. Nabani na othi iqurbân ayingomSilamsi uya kuba ngongakholwayo.
[Ibhaliwe ezincwadini IHazânat-al-muftîn, (nguHusayn bin Muhammad,) kunye Eshbhah: “Xa umntu enezindlu, iivenkile, okanye intsimi, yaye ukuba ithe yafumana ingqesho, okanye imveliso okanye irente yentsimi yakhe ayaneli ukuba ayixhase indlu yakhe, ulihlwempu. Kuvumelekile ukuba amkele zakat.” Njengoko kubonakala, i-fatwâ inikwe ngokuvumelana no-Imâm Muhammad.] U-Ibni 'Âbidîn uthi: "Umntu onesabelo kwinkampani ye-joint-stock nongenakukwazi ukukhupha imali yakhe wenza i-qurbân ukuba unemali okanye impahla eyaneleyo. ukuze ayenze.”
Ukuba umntu one-diffculty uhlala kwirenti ayifumanayo unenani le nisâb, kufuneka anike i i-fitra kwaye wenze i-qurbân ngokugcina imali. Ukupheka nokugcina yonke inyama kufuneka agcine imali yokuthenga inyama kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kwaye ayigcinele i-fitra kunye ne-qurbân yonyaka ozayo, kwaye ngoko akafanele azihluthe ngokwakhe. thowâb kuba i-fitra kwaye qurbân. Lowo wenza iqurbân uzisindisa esihogweni. I hadith-i-sherîf ithi: “Oyena ukhohlakeleyo ngulowo ungayenziyo iqurbân [nangona kuyiwâjib kuye ukwenza iqurbân].” U-Rasûlullah 'sall-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam' wayeza kubulala izilwanyana ezibini ukwenza iqurbân. Enye yayiyeyakhe, kwaye enye yayiyeyeUmma (amaMuslim). Yimustahab kwaye ivelisa intlaninge yethawâb ukwenza iqurbân ngokubulala isilwanyana esinye Isibongozo sika-Rasûlullah 'sallâhu 'alaihi wa sallam' egameni, kakhulu.
IKurbân ithetha ukubingelela ngegusha, ibhokhwe, inkomo (okanye inkomo), okanye inkamela ngenjongo yokwenza iqurbân ngenye yeentsuku ezintathu zokuqala ze'Iyd yeKurbân. Ukuya kutsho kumaSilamsi asixhenxe akwiminyaka yokufikisa anokwabelana ngenkomo okanye inkamela kwintsebenzo yawo yequrbân, eyithenga ngokudibeneyo. Iiqurbâns zesibhambathiso kunye uQiqa unamathele kubo. Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba kamva ube ngumnini-zabelo we-qurbân umntu osisityebi sele eyithengile, kuya kuba makrûh. Isabelo sakhe nawuphi na wabadlali akufunekanga sibe ngaphantsi kwesinye kwisixhenxe. Akuvumelekanga ukuba abantu abasibhozo bathenge iinkomo ezisixhenxe okanye abantu ababini bathenge iigusha ezimbini njenge qurbân abaninizabelo. Kuba, umntu ngamnye uya kuba nesabelo kuyo
ngamnye qurbân. Ukuze ugweme ukufumana inzala, kuyimfuneko ukwahlula inyama ngokuyilinganisa ngamanani alinganayo. Akuvumelekanga ukwahlula inyama ngaphandle kokuyilinganisa nokuba abanini zabelo bayavuma phakathi kwabo ukuncama amalungelo abo macala. Ukuncama amalungelo abo ngokufanayo kuya kuthetha ukunika izipho. Akuvumelekanga ukwenza isipho ngento ethile enokwabelana phambi kokuba izabelo zahlulwe kwaye zabelwe abaninizabelo. Ukuba umntu ngamnye kwabathandathu unikwe iqhekeza lesikhumba okanye umlenze wesilwanyana kunye nenyama yaso, ngoko kuvumelekile ukwabelana ngaphandle kokulinganisa. Kubhaliwe ezincwadini Hindiyya kwaye Majmuâ-i Zuhdiyya ukuba intloko ifana nesikhumba sesilwanyana.
Kubhaliwe kwi IsiHindiya: “Sisibhambathiso, kumntu osisityebi okanye olihlwempu othi phambi kwe-Iyd, 'Ngenxa ka-Allah, makube sisibhambathiso sam ukuxhela njenge-qurbân igusha okanye loo gusha ithile' ukuxhela igusha enye ngexesha. 'Mnayd-al-Adha ('Iyd yequrbân). Ukuba umntu uthe waba sisityebi ngeentsuku zika-Iyd, nangona esenokuba wayehlwempuzekile xa esenza isibhambathiso sakhe phambi kweentsuku zika-Iyd, ngoko ke kukwajib ukwenza enye iqurbân ye-Iyd. Ukuba isityebi senza isibhambathiso saso ngeentsuku zika-Iyd kwaye sinenjongo yokusenza njenge-'Iyd qurbân ngelo xesha, igusha okanye ibhokhwe enye yayiza kuhlatywa njengeKurbân yayiya kwanela. Ukuba isityebi senza isibhambathiso saso phambi kwe-Iyd, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka senze iiqurbâns ezimbini. Ihlwempu libulala omnye kuphela kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Abanako ukuthengisa iiqurbâns ezifungelweyo. Iigusha zazithengwa kwaye zixhelwe ngexesha le 'Iyd by a musâfir okanye umntu olihlwempu ongenzanga njongo okanye isibhambathiso sokwenza iqurbân, uba nafila (superrogatory) unqulo. Kukwajib’ ukubulala isilwanyana sasequrbân esithengwe ngumntu osisityebi waza wanenjongo yokusenza njengombulelo ngeentsikelelo zobomi endaweni yokufuna ukusibulala njenge-'Iyd qurbân ngexesha lokuthenga. Jonga kwisahluko esilandelayo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Kubhalwe ngesiHindiyya: “Sisibhambathiso, kumntu osisityebi okanye olihlwempu othi phambi kwe-Iyd, ‘Ngenxa ka-Allah, makube sisibhambathiso sam ukuxhela njengequrbân igusha okanye loo gusha ithile. ' ukuxhela igusha enye ngexesha 'Iyd-al-Adha ('Iyd yequrbân). Ukuba umntu uthe waba sisityebi ngeentsuku ze-Iyd, nangona esenokuba wayehlwempuzekile xa esenza isibhambathiso sakhe ngaphambi kwemihla ye-Iyd, ngoko ke nguwâjib ukwenza esinye. qurbân kuba 'Iyd. Ukuba isityebi senza isibhambathiso sayo ngemihla ka-Iyd yaza yazimisela ukusifezekisa njenge-'qurbân ye-Iyd ngelo xesha, igusha okanye ibhokhwe yaxhelwa njengegusha enye. IQurbân kwanele. Ukuba isityebi senza isibhambathiso saso phambi kweIyd, masenze ezibini; iiqurbâns. Ihlwempu libulala omnye kuphela kuyo nayiphi na imeko. Abanako ukuthengisa isibhambathiso iiqurbâns. Iigusha zazithengwa kwaye zixhelwe ngexesha le 'Iyd by a musâfir okanye umntu olihlwempu ongenzanga njongo okanye isibhambathiso sokwenza iqurbân, uba nafila (superrogatory) unqulo. Yi wâjib ukubulala isilwanyana sasequrbân esithe umntu osisityebi wasithenga waza wanenjongo yokusenza umbulelo ngeentsikelelo zobomi endaweni yokuba azimisele ukusibulala njenge-'Iyd qurbân ngexesha lokuthenga. Jonga kwisahluko esilandelayo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe
Oku kulandelayo yi expatiation kwi qurbân oko ikukuthi wâjib ukuba umntu osisityebi enze. I-qurbân ayenziwa ngokunikela izilwanyana ziphila njengezipho kumahlwempu okanye kumaziko angcwele okanye anceda abantu abasweleyo. Yi wâjib ukubabulala (ngokubagweba ngendlela eyalelwa yi-Islam). Kubhaliwe kwiJawhara: “Ithawâb eya kunikwa imali echithwe kwi qurbân ingaphezulu kakhulu kunethawâb ngokuphindwe kalikhulu [oko kukuthi, isixa esikhulu semali] enikelwa njengezipho.” Kuvumelekile ukutyumba umntu ukuba abe yi-wakîl (isekela) yomntu ukuba (okanye) athenge isilwanyana se-qurbân, asixhele aze anike amahlwempu inyama (okanye) enze ezi zinto ngomnye umntu, kwaye anike imali yokuthenga. isilwanyana okanye isilwanyana eso sihleli kwisekela. Kodwa yimustahab ukubakho njengoko isilwanyana sixhelwa. Yi haram ukubulala amaqhude, iinkukhu okanye izilwanyana zasendle ezifana namaxhama egameni le-qurbân; lithetha ukuxelisa izazi, oko kukuthi, abanquli bomlilo.
Yiyo ayiyo wâjib kuba umntu owaziyo uya kuba lihlwempu okanye uhambo (abahambayo) ngomhla wesithathu we 'Iyd ukwenza i qurbân ngosuku lokuqala. Kumntu ozaziyo ukuba uya kuba sisityebi ngomhla wesithathu kuya kuba yi-wâjib ukuwenza ekuseni ngomhla weshumi (kwinyanga) Dhu'l-hijja, olulusuku lokuqala lwe 'Iyd. Akumiselwa ngokokuba ubani usisityebi okanye ulihlwempu okanye muqîm (zinzile) okanye uhambo (kuhambo olude) ngosuku lokuqala lwe 'Iyd. Ukwenza i qurbân ayiyo wâjib kuba hâdjis (abahambi ngezonqulo abangamaSilamsi) abaye bahamba besiya eMekka besuka kwezinye iindawo. Kuba, zi-safarî.[1]
Kwabo benza iqurbân ezixekweni iba yi-wâjib emva komthandazo we-Iyd. Akuvumelekanga kubo ukwenza iqurbân phambi komthandazo. Bowenza nanini na ngaphambi kokutshona kwelanga ngomhla wesithathu. Ezilalini kunokwenziwa emva kwe-fajr (ekuseni) naphambi komthandazo we-Iyd. Kwabo baseMekka okanye eMinâ ngomhla wokuqala we-Iyd ayingowajib ukwenza umthandazo we-Iyd.
Icaciswa ekupheleni kwesahluko samashumi amabini ananye se-fascicle yesine ye-Endless Bliss ukuba Ilanga ukuba ubani achebe iinwele, iindevu namadevu akhe nokucheba iinzipho nokucheba amakhwapha namanqindi veki nganye. Kubhaliwe ekupheleni kwesahluko malunga nomthandazo 'Iyd ngo Ibni 'Âbidîn 'rahmatullahi 'alaih': “Ezi zenzo ze Ilanga akufanele ukubambezeleka ngeentsuku ezilishumi zokuqala zenyanga ka Dhu'l-hijja. The hadîth-i-sherif esithi, ‘Umntu oza kuwenza qurbân makangazichebi iinwele zakhe okanye achebe iinzipho zakhe xa inyanga yenyanga Dhu'lhijja iqala!' ayingomyalelo. Ibonisa ukuba kunjalo mustahab ukulibazisa ezi zenzo de kube semva kokwenza i qurbân. Kusisono ke ukuzilazila ixesha elide, ngakumbi ukuba umntu akazenzi iintsuku ezimashumi mane.
Njengoko kubonakala, kumntu onenjongo yokwenza qurbân yi mustahab angazichebi iinwele zakhe, iindevu, iindevu, neenzipho zakhe, kususela kumhla wokuqala wenyanga Dhu'lhijja kude kube semva kokwenza i qurbân. Kodwa akunjalo wâjib. Akuyi kuba sisono kuye ukwenza ezi zenzo, kwaye akuyi kuyinciphisa i-thawâb kwi-qurbân. Ukuba umntu ucheba ngenxa yesizathu esihle, ukukhula kwakhe iindevu ngaloo mihla kuya kubangela fitna, nto leyo ekungavumelekanga nangayiphi na indlela.
[1] Bona isahluko seshumi elinesihlanu se-fascicle yesine ye-Endless Bliss.
Akuvumelekanga ukunika isilwanyana esiphilayo se qurbân okanye ixabiso layo emalini njengemali yesisa. Ukuba ubani uthe wenza amalizo, omnye uya kusixhela okwesibini de kuhlwe ngomhla wesithathu. Umntu ongazange akwenze oko qurbân ka 'Iyd okanye isibhambathiso qurbân ngokuhlwa ngosuku lwesithathu, into ephilileyo leyo, nokuba lixabiso layo, alinike amahlwempu, ukuba uthe wathenga inkomo leyo, nokuba liyisilivere negolide. qurbân isilwanyana. Ukuba uthe wayenza emva kweIyd, akasayi kuyidla inyama; unika amahlwempu konke. Ukuba ixabiso layo yonke inyama efunyenwe kwisilwanyana lingaphantsi kwexabiso layo isaphila, unika kwakhona umahluko njengomnikelo. Ukuba akakayithengi unika ixabiso lesilwanyana esiphakathi qurbân njengomusa kumahlwempu. Ngaloo ndlela uyasinda kwisohlwayo, nangona engasifumani thowâb ukwenza i qurbân.
Ukuba isilwanyana eso sasingafezekanga ngaphambi kokuba sithengwe okanye ukuba kamva siye sanesiphako ngenxa yokungafezeki okusenza singafaneleki ukuba sisilwanyana. qurbân nangona yayifanele ukubulawa njenge qurbân ngexesha lokuthenga, umntu osisityebi uthenga enye kwaye ayinqumle (njenge qurbân). Ukuba (isilwanyana esithengelwe) isibhambathiso se-qurbân asifezekanga, isityebi kunye nehlwempu bayasixhela. Ukuba isilwanyana sesibhambathiso qurbân uyafa (ngaphambi kokuba axhelwe) akuyomfuneko ukuba athenge enye. Akuvumelekanga ukusebenzisa uboya kunye nobisi lwesilwanyana kwiqurbân phambi kokuba ixhelwe. Kwaye akunjalo halal ukuba bayixhele bayitye inyama yayo, okanye badle izityebi ngaphambi kwexesha layo elimiselweyo. Ezi zinto zinokunikwa amahlwempu. Ke ngoko, iqurbân ayinakwenziwa kwi 'Arafa[1] usuku. Akukho semthethweni ukuba ubani atye inyama yayo okanye avumele izityebi ukuba ziyidle. Emva kokuba usuku lugwetywe ukuba lusuku lwe-Iyd ngobungqina bamangqina kwaye njengoko kumiselwe ngu Sharî'a kwaye kwenziwe umthandazo we'Iyd nequrbân; ukuba kufunyaniswe ukuba yayiyi 'Arafa Ngosuku, umthandazo kunye ne-qurbân ziya kwamkeleka. Kwiindawo apho Inkolo yamaNdiya kunye nenyanga equlathe imihla ye-Iyd ayinakufunyanwa ngobungqina bamangqina njengoko kumiselwe ngu Sharî'a, ngomhla wokuqala wenyanga Dhu'lhijja kwaye kungoko umhla weshumi, oko kukuthi, umhla wokuqala we-'Iyd yequrbân zibalwa ngokusebenzisa indlela ye-Iş›k, echazwe kwisahluko seshumi elinanye. Usuku lokuqala lwe-'Iyd lusuku olumiselwa lolu balo. Okanye kusuku olulandelayo. Ayinakuba lusuku olungaphambili. Kuba, inyanga entsha ayinakubonwa ngaphambi kokuba ibonakale esibhakabhakeni. Ngobulumko, umntu kufuneka enze iqurbân ngosuku lwesibini
[1] Usuku olungaphambi komhla wokuqala we'Iyd yeQurbân; usuku lwesithoba Dhu'lhijja. ye 'Iyd efunyenwe ngokubala. Nangona kunjalo, i-qurbân kabani thowâb iya kunikelwa njengesipho kwabafileyo kufuneka senziwe ngosuku olubalwe ukuba lube lusuku lokuqala. Yale qurbân ingenziwa kwi 'Arafa usuku, kwakhona. UmSilamsi ongayenzanga iqurbân kufuneka anike imiyalelo kumyolelo wakhe wokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba afele kumafa akhe ukuba iqurbân yenziwe egameni lakhe ngaphandle kwempahla ayishiya ngasemva. Abathandileyo qurbân yenziwa ngo (enye) 'yeentsuku ze-Iyd. Umntu oyenzayo loo nto akanakuyitya inyama nokuba ulihlwempu. Ufanele ayinike amahlwempu yonke inyama. Ukuba umntu uthe wasweleka ngaphambi kokuba anike imiyalelo kumyolelo wakhe wokugqibela, abanini-lifa bakhe okanye abanye abantu banokuxhela isilwanyana se-qurbân nanini na kwaye banikele thowâb kuye. Ithawâb iya kuba yeyomntu owenza iqurbân. Isenokunikelwa kumntu ofileyo. Umntu owenza le qurbân unokutya kwinyama, naye. Ukuba izilwanyana zabantu ababini zibhidane enye kwenye, isilwanyana esibulewe ngumntu ngamnye ecinga ukuba sesakhe. qurbân. Ukuba umntu uthe waqweba okanye weba igusha yomnye umntu, uvumelekile ukuba ayixhele njengequrbân, okanye athengise ngayo, ukuba uthe wahlawula ixabiso ebenalo isilwanyana eso, nokuba ebesadla ubomi ngalo, nasemva koko. Kuba xa kuhlawulwe ixabiso laso, loo nto idliweyo iya kuba yeyakhe. Kule meko kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukuba enze jonga (intlawulelo) ngenxa yesono sakhe sokuphanga. Isilwanyana esineliso elingaboniyo okanye esinomlenze osisiqhwala ukuze singakwazi ukuhamba okanye esiye saphulukana nenxalenye enkulu yeliso, indlebe, umsila okanye umlenze waso ongaphambili okanye ongasemva okanye obuthathaka kakhulu, asinakuba qurbân. Kuvumelekile ukwenza iqurbân kwisilwanyana esaphukileyo okanye esingenazo iimpondo okanye esinokhwekhwe okanye esithenwe. Imazi yesilwanyana kwakunye nenkunzi inokubulawa njengesilwanyana qurbân. Ukuba yigusha, ivelisa ngakumbi thowâb xa iyindoda kwaye imhlophe ngakumbi ngombala kunomnyama, kodwa iimazi zebhokhwe zizisa i-thawâb eninzi. Ukubulala igusha kubangela okungakumbi thowâb ngaphezu kokuxhela inkomo xa zilingana ngexabiso. Igusha okanye ibhokhwe kufuneka ibe ngaphezu konyaka ubudala, inkomo ibe ngaphezu kwemibini, yaye inkamela ibe ngaphezu kwesihlanu. Kuvumelekile ukuba igusha eneenyanga ezintandathu ubudala ikhule ngokwaneleyo kwaye ityebe ngokwaneleyo. Ukuba ithe yaphila ithole lenkomo, malixhelwe ukuba ulidla. Akuvumelekanga ukulitya xa lifile. Yi makrûh ukurhuqela isilwanyana apho sixhelelwa khona, ukulola iimela emva kokuba isilwanyana siwile emhlabeni, okanye ukubulala esinye isilwanyana sijongwe kwesinye. Kuqala kwembiwa umngxuma ofikelela emadolweni. Isilwanyana sombingelelo si
egqunywe amehlo ngelaphu. Yenziwa ukuba ilale ngecala layo lasekhohlo ibhekise ubuso kunye nomqala qibla. Umqala wayo usondeza umngxuma. Amaqatha emilenze yayo yangaphambili ibotshelelwe kunye nomnye wemilenze yayo yangasemva. I ithekbîr ye 'Iyd kuthiwa kathathu. Okulandelayo kuthiwa amagama alandelayo: “Bismillâhi Allâhu akbar.” Ngoko, ukuba isilwanyana asiyonkamela, sinqunyulwa umqala naphi na. Ngexesha esithi "Bismillahi,” u-“h” umele achazwe ngoxinzelelo nolangazelelo olufunekayo. Kule meko akuyomfuneko ukukhumbula ukuba liGama lika-Allah. Ukuba ubani akalibizi ngokucacileyo u-“h” ngokwaneleyo, umntu kufuneka akhumbule ukuba uthetha iGama lika-Allah. Ukuba ubani uthe akwayenza loo nto, yoba yinqambi njengesidumbu. Akuvumelekanga ukulitya. Ngenxa yoko, asifanele sithi, “Allah Ta'âlâ,” kodwa kufuneka siziqhelanise nokucacisa u-“h” ngalo lonke ixesha ngokucacileyo ngokuthi, “Allâhu ta'âlâ.” Umqala wesilwanyana uqulathe ummizo, obizwa ngokuba merî, kwatsho uqhoqhoqho hulqûm, kunye nemithambo yejugular, ebizwa awdaj, kumacala omabini. Emithathu kule mibhobho mine kufuneka isikwe ngaxeshanye. Yi Ilanga kumntu othe iyajula isilwanyana sijongane neQibla. Yi makrûh ukusika yonke intamo phambi kokuba isilwanyana siqalise ukuphulukana nobushushu obuphilayo, ei,, ngaphambi kokuba umzabalazo wayo uphele. Kuyingozi ukusika umva wentamo kuphela. Kwakhona, yimakrûh ukuyisika intloko yesilwanyana okanye ukuqalisa ukuyihlinza phambi kokuba kuphele umzabalazo waso size sife. Yi mustahab ukwenza ukugweba ngokwakho ukuba uyayazi indlela yokwenza. Kwanomfazi uvumelekile ukuba ayenze. Ukuba umntu akayazi indlela yokulawula isilwanyana, yi-mustahab ukuba ilawulwa lisekela likabani, nokuba abe khona kuloo ndawo ngexesha lesenzo, kwaye athethe ikhulu elinamashumi amathandathu anesibini âyat, (Inna salâtî), ye I-An'âm sûra ukuya kwindawo efundwayo, “lâ sharîka leh.” Kuchazwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo kwisahluko esinomxholo othi (Zebâih) kwincwadi ethi Hindiyya: “Sisilwanyana apho umSilamsi okanye u-Ahl-i-kitâb (umYuda okanye umKristu), iharbî okanye dhimmî omnye, uye waxhela ngokukhankanya iGama okanye uphawu lwe Allâhu ta'âlâ kulo naluphi na ulwimi, iyatyiwa. [AmaSilamsi ahlala kwi i-dâr-ul-harb kufuneka akhangele iButcher yamaSilamsi, aze athenge inyama ethengiswa apho enethemba lokuba loo nyama yeyesilwanyana esixhelwe ngumSilamsi. Yi halal ukuba batye inyama etyiwayo njengenkomo, inyama yegusha kunye nenkukhu kuphela ukuba isilwanyana abasuka kuso siye sabulawa ngendlela efundiswa yiSilamsi. Ngamanye amazwi, imele ukuba ixhelwe ngumSilamsi okanye ngu-ahl-i-kitâb nangokubiza iGama lika-Allah phambi kokugweba. Isilwanyana esixheliweyo ngendlela engavisisaniyo nemfundiso yamaSilamsi siba yinyama ebolileyo, kwaye inyama yaso iba yi-harâm ekutyiweni nasekuthengiseni. Abantu
ngubani oxhelela izilwanyana (ezityiwayo) nabathengisa inyama mabayazi kakuhle le nto. Xa uthenga inyama akuyomfuneko ukubuza ukuba isilwanyana sixhelwe njani. Kuba, umSilamsi kufuneka abe nayo husn-izân (uluvo olulungileyo) malunga namanye amaSilamsi.] Isilwanyana esibulewe nguthixo omkhulu okanye uwexuki ( murtadd ) asifanele sityiwe. Ukuba umntu ochaphazelekayo ukhankanya igama likaYesu okanye athi, ‘ngomnye woothixo abathathu’ xa exhela eso silwanyana, loo nyama ayimele ityiwe. Ukuba ubambelele kuloo nkolelo kodwa akayichazi (njengoko exhela isilwanyana), inyama iba semthethweni ukutyiwa. Yintetho eyenziwa ngexesha lokuxhelwa okubalulekileyo. Ukuba umntu wenza intetho enjalo (yezithixo) egameni lomthandazo okanye lokubulela okanye ukuba unenjongo yokunqula omnye umntu ongenguye uAllah, umz. ukuba uthi, 'Ngenxa ka-Allah noMuhammad,' loo nto ayixheleleyo ayinakutyiwa. .” Umntu ongakholwayo okholwayo kuMprofeti (wangaphambili) nakwiNcwadi yakhe eNgcwele, eyathi yachazelwa emva koko, uthathwa ngokuba (ngomnye wabo) Ahl-i-kitâb (abantu bencwadi), nokuba uthi umprofeti wakhe unguthixo okanye ‘unyana kathixo’ okanye abongoze izithixo. Kuba, amagama anjengathi 'thixo', 'izithixo', 'nkosi', 'ubawo' asetyenziswa nakwiintsingiselo ezinjengokuthi 'umncedi', lowo udala indalo,' 'umntu othandwa kakhulu.' Ukuba umntu ukhankanya Yi (uYesu)alaihis-salâm' ngala magama kwezi ntsingiselo, akabi nguthixo omkhulu. Kule meko, ukumbiza kwakhe ‘ngomnye woothixo abathathu’ okanye ‘uthixo’ kusisikweko, kungekhona ngokoqobo. Ukuba uyayikholelwa loo nto Yi 'alaihis-salâm' inophawu lwe Uluhiyyat (uthixo), ukuba uthi, ngokomzekelo, 'uYesu Kristu udala nantoni na ayithandayo,' uba ngu mushrik (umkhohlisi). Ezinye zanamhlanje Mûsawîs (amaYuda), Îsawîs, Nasranîs kunye namaKrestu ziphakathi kwe- Ahl-i-kitâb. Ngenxa yokuba bayathanda Îsâ 'alaihis-salâm' kakhulu, babongoza izithixo nemifanekiso ukuze bathandazele ukwenziwa kweminqweno yabo. Nangona kuvumelekile ukutya isilwanyana esixheliweyo ngumKristu obizayo Îsâ 'alaihis-salâm' 'thixo', akufanele uvumele abantu abanjalo ukuba baxhele izilwanyana zakho okanye badle izilwanyana ezixheliweyo ngabo ngaphandle kokuba kukho imfuneko engqongqo yokwenza oko. Izilwanyana ezixhelwe ngabantu abangakholwayo ngaphandle kwencwadi engcwele, umzekelo, ngamaNusayrîs ahlala eSyria okanye ngabakwaDruzîs, azinakutyiwa. Akuyomfuneko ukuba ubuze kwaye ufumanise ukuba luhlobo luni lomntu oxhele isilwanyana. Ukuba i-Basmala ishiywe ngenjongo, inyama iba yi-harâm kwi- Hanafî Madhhab, ukanti halâl kwi I-Shafi'î Madhhab. Kubhalwe kuyo Jawhara: "Nini U-Rasûlullah 'sall-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam' waya eHajj wathabatha ikhulu leenkamela equrbân. Yena ngokwakhe wabulala amashumi amathandathu anesithathu kubo waza wanika uHadrat Alî imela, owabaxhela abanye.”
Umntu owenza iqurbân unokuyitya ngokwakhe inyama okanye angayinika nabani na nokuba usisityebi okanye ulihlwempu okanye idhimmî. Isahlulo sesithathu senyama kukuzigcinela indlu, isahlulo sesithathu kummelwane, nesahlulo sesithathu kuso amahlwempu. Yonke inyama ubani angayinika amahlwempu, okanye ayigcinele indlu yakhe. Ukuba kuvumelekile ukunika inyama ku-dhimmî abangakholwayo ngokunjalo kubhalwe ngesiHindiyya kunye neBehjet-al-fatâwâ. Ulusu lunikwa umntu olihlwempu owenza umsebenzi wakhe wenamaz. Ayinikwa abantu abangaziwayo ngokwaneleyo. Okanye isetyenziswe ekhaya. Okanye inikwe njengembuyekezo yento esetyenziswa ngokusisigxina. Ayinikwa into etyiwayo okanye imali. Ukuba kuthengiswe ulusu okanye inyama, imali leyo inikwa amahlwempu. Umntu oxhela inkomo leyo akayi kunikwa ulusu lwalo okanye inxalenye yenyama yalo ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe. Kusemthethweni ukutya iinxalenye ezisixhenxe zequrbân okanye nasiphi na esinye isilwanyana (esityiwayo): igazi elimanzi, ilungu lelungu lobuni, amadlala, amadlala, inyongo, ilungu lobufazi besilwanyana, kunye nesinyi somchamo. Kubhalwe ngesiHindiyya: “Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-dhekât-ishar'î:[1] ezikhethwayo neziyimfuneko. I<em>dhekât ekhethwayo yi<em>nahr yenkamela, (ethetha ukuyibulala ngokuyihlaba emhadini womqala), kunye ne<em>zebh yezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya, (gama elo elithetha ukuzigwebela). I-dhekât eyimfuneko yijerh yezilwanyana zasendle, oko kukuthi, ukuzibulala ngokuzenzakalisa kulo naliphi na ilungu lomzimba wazo. Kuyimfuneko ukubiza igama lika-Allâhu ta'âlâ ngelixa usenza i-zebh, okanye uphosa utolo okanye udubula imbumbulu okanye ukhupha i-greyhound kumdlalo. Kuvumelekile ukuyibiza ngolunye ulwimi nokuba umntu uyasazi isiArabhu. Isilwanyana asinakujongwa nge-takbîr efanayo naleyo ithethwa kwesinye isilwanyana. Isilwanyana esibulewe yi-dhekât-i-shar'î sicocekile ngokweSilamsi. Ukuba sisilwanyana esityiwayo esivumelekileyo ukuba sityiwe, sinokutyiwa. Kungenjalo ayinakudliwa. Kodwa inokusetyenziswa ngenye indlela. ” Ukuba umntu wenze iqurbân ezimvini zakhe egameni lomnye, ayamkeleka, nokuba uyalelwe ngomnye. Kuba, isilwanyana sinokubulawa njenge-qurbân komnye umntu kuphela ukuba yimpahla yaloo mntu. Bekuya kwamkeleka kakuhle ukuba lowo wokuqala wayinikela igusha ibe ngumnikelo kumntu wokugqibela, okanye kwisekela lakhe, aze yena lowo wokugqibela, okanye isekela lakhe, ayidle ilifa igusha, aze ayibuyisele emhlambini.
[1] Ukuhlanjululwa kwamaSilamsi kwesilwanyana ukuze sityiwe ngokusixhela ngendlela emiselweyo. ngaphambili, emmisela isekela lakhe ukuba lixhele iigusha egameni lakhe. Kuvumelekile ukubulala isilwanyana somnye umntu njengequrbân yakhe egameni lakhe ngaphandle kolwazi lwakhe. Ukuba ubani ubulele isilwanyana somnye umntu njenge qurbân yakhe ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe, siya kwamkeleka ukuba ubani uhlawule ixabiso laso emva koko. Ukuba umniniyo uyalandula ixabiso aze athabathe isilwanyana esigwetyiweyo endaweni yoko, iqurbân iya kuba yenziwe kumniniyo. Akuvumelekanga ukwenza iqurbân kwisilwanyana esigcinwe njengesilwanyana amânat (kuphathiswe ukugcinwa ngokukhuselekileyo), 'âriyat (ukusetyenziswa okwexeshana), okanye ukuqesha.” Ukuba imbumbulu ithe yabetha inyama kumdlalo, yawubulala okanye loo nyama yabulawa ngelitye okanye ngegqudu, ayinakudliwa. Kuba, kuyimfuneko ukuba isilwanyana sophe. Xa uthenga (isilwanyana) qurbân umntu kufuneka enze eyakhe niyyat ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: “Ndizimisele ukuthenga (isilwanyana) iqurbân eyiyo wâjib ukwenza idini ngosuku lwe-Iyd. Umntu akanyanzelekanga ukuba enze i-niyyat kwakhona ngelixa ukujula isilwanyana. Yaye akukho mfuneko yokuba ubani abulale isilwanyana asithenge ngaloo njongo. Kodwa ixabiso lesilwanyana esiza kusibulala endaweni yeso silwanyana lingabi ngaphantsi. Umntu unokuthi angenzi i-niyyat konke konke ngelixa ethenga isilwanyana. Kodwa ke kuya kufuneka ukuba wenze i-niyyat ngelixa ubulala isilwanyana, okanye xa umisela umntu isekela lomntu. Umntu onqwenela ukunikela ngequrbân yakhe kumbutho wesisa kufuneka anike isilwanyana okanye imali yokuthengwa kwaso kumntu otyunjwe ngumbutho kwaye athi, "Ndikumisela njengesekela lam ukuba uxhele 'Iyd yam (okanye. nazr) qurbân okanye ixhelwe ngomnye umntu eninokuthi nimmisele, kwaye inyama nesikhumba sayo niyinike nabani na enimgqala njengofanelekile.” Umntu ophetheyo (isekela), uncamathisela inombolo yenombolo kwiqurbân eziswayo okanye ezithengiweyo. Ugcina irekhodi yazo zombini igama lomnini wequrbân kunye nenani le-qurbân kwincwadi yamanqaku. Unyula oonosilarha njengee-arhente ngokubhengeza amagama abanini ngelixa iiqurbâns zilawulwa. Inyama uyinika lowo athanda ukuyinika lowo athanda ukuyinika; Loo mntu ulihlwempu, ngaphambi kokuba ixabiso leefele azinikiweyo lifikelele kwinqanaba nîsâb, unika konke anako kuye lowo athanda ukumnika. aze loo mntu athengise ngazo, anike lowo athanda ukumnika imali leyo. Kuvumelekile ukuba umntu olihlwempu athengise okanye aphe njengesipho iintsuba azinikiweyo. Ukuba umntu uxhela iigusha ezininzi, zonke ziba yiqurbân. Okanye, ngokweenkcukacha ezithembeke ngakumbi, eyona ilungileyo iba yiqurbân kwaye enye iba yi- superrogatory. Ukuba umntu olihlwempu unepropati engaphantsi kwexabiso le nisâb ye
qurubân uzimisele ukubulala isilwanyana esiyimpahla yakhe njenge-qurbân, okanye ukuba uthe wathenga isilwanyana ngexesha 'Iyd yeQurbân kodwa ngaphandle kwenjongo yequrbân kwaye emva koko unenjongo yokuyibulala njenge qurbân, okanye ukuba uyithenga ngenjongo yequrbân kodwa ngaphambi kwe 'Iyd yeQurbân, asikowâjib kuye ukuyibulala. Ukuba uthe wayibulala, iba yinto enkulu; angayidla inyama yayo, ayinike amahlwempu; Ukuba umntu olihlwempu uthenga isilwanyana ngenjongo qurbân kwaye phakathi kweentsuku ezintathu zokuqala ze 'Iyd; ngokwale ngxelo yabaphengululi, isilwanyana siba lidini lesibhambathiso (isibhambathiso), kwaye siba wâjib ukuba ayilawule ngeentsuku ezintathu zokuqala ze 'Iyd. Ngokutsho kwenye ingxelo, akubi sisibhambathiso; iba yinto ephezulu. Enoba usisityebi okanye ulihlwempu, umntu owenze iqurbân yesibhambathiso akanakuyitya loo nyama, nabantu abangafanelanga ukuba bayifumane. zakat, kananjalo akanakuvumela isityebi ukuba siyidle inyama. Ukuba akasibulalanga isilwanyana eso ngezi ntsuku zintathu, uya kunikela ngesilwanyana esiphilayo okanye okulingana naso emva kwe 'Iyd. Kuvumelekile kwakhona ukubulala isilwanyana kwaye unike inyama njengeziphoso, kodwa ukuba ixabiso lenyama yonke lingaphantsi kwexabiso lesilwanyana esiphilayo, ngoko ke umahluko kufuneka unikezwe njengezipho.
Iphepha Elingenasiphelo (75_85)
