'Ukukhathazeka kuyanda eTurkey, kodwa alukho ushintsho ekukhethweni kwezepolitiki'

Unyaka wezi-2012 ubonakale njengonyaka lapho okulindelwe khona kube kubi kakhulu, ngokusho komhloli wezokuvota ovelele. Kodwa naphezu kokuthi ukungakhululeki kuyanda eTurkey, okuthandwa yizombangazwe akushintshi, kusho uBekir Ağırdır. 'Awukho umbono wanoma yiliphi elinye iqembu [lezombusazwe] ezandleni zethu,' usho kanje.

Unyaka wezi-2012 ube nokunyuka okuthe xaxa kokuhlukaniswa kwabantu emphakathini, kusho umhloli wezokuvota ovelele. Njengoba kube nokubheda kokulindelwe, "umkhawulo wobuhlungu" womphakathi wehlile, ngokusho kukaBekir Ağırdır, umqondisi jikelele we-Konda, inkampani yocwaningo ese-Istanbul. “Kodwa awukho umbono wanoma yiliphi elinye iqembu [lezepolitiki] ezandleni zethu. Ngakho-ke, ukukhathazeka emphakathini akubenzi bashintshe iziteshi,” etshela abeHürriyet Daily News engxoxweni yakamuva. Ukwesekwa okukhulu okutholwe yiqembu elibusayo kungase kube inkohliso nokho, ngoba ukubila emphakathini kuyakhula, waxwayisa.

Wawunjani unyaka ka-2012 eTurkey? 

Ngeke ngikubize ngokuthi unyaka olahlekile, kodwa kunalokho iTurkey ngo-2012 kube yizwe lapho izinto eziningi esasizilangazelela zingazange zenzeke. Ngokombono wezombangazwe, izihloko eziyinhloko kwakuwukubhalwa kabusha koMthethosisekelo kanye nodaba lwamaKurd. Ngokombono womphakathi, kunamaphuzu amathathu: Okokuqala, i-polarization iyanda. Okwesibili, njengoba ukubhalwa kabusha koMthethosisekelo akwenzekanga ngesivinini ebesilindelekile, kuba kubi kakhulu okulindelekile. Okwesithathu, usizi lwaseSyria lube nomthelela omubi kokulindelwe kanye nesimo esijwayelekile mayelana nokusimama kwenhlalakahle. Umkhawulo wobuhlungu womphakathi wehlile. Enye yezinkomba eziyinhloko zalokhu ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yomphakathi yaqiniseka ngenkathi ngo-2009 undunankulu ethi inkinga yezomnotho emhlabeni ngeke iphazamise iTurkey. Namuhla kukhona ukukhathazeka. Abantu babuza ngokungakhululeki, 'Kwenzekani ngakho konke lokhu?'

Ufundani ngalesi simo?

I-Justice and Development Party [I-AK Party] yaqala ukubusa ngemva kwesikhathi esicishe sibe yiminyaka engama-20 lapho iTurkey yayingaphathwa kahle ngendlela eyayinenhlekelele yezomnotho. Umphakathi wawucabanga ukuthi izwe selibuswa ekugcineni, izinqumo zazithathwa futhi kwaba nempumelelo yezomnotho ekuqaleni kokubusa kweqembu le-AK. Kodwa izinkinga zaseTurkey azigcini nje ngezinga lentuthuko nokukhula komnotho. Kwakulindelwe ukuthi izinkinga ezibalulekile zezombusazwe nezenhlalo zaseTurkey nazo zizoxazululwa; lokho bekuyinkomba enkulu okhethweni luka-2011. I-AK Party yabonwa njengemele ushintsho. Kodwa i-AK Party yashintsha umugqa wayo; yazinza phakathi kombuso, yaba yi-Ankarized. Akugcinanga lapho kwabe kungekho zinguquko, kwaqala izinkulumo-mpikiswano ngokuthi ngabe sibuyela emuva yini. Kodwa okufanele sikuqaphele ukuthi zonke izingxabano zenziwa ngeqembu le-AK. Awukho umbono wanoma yiliphi elinye iqembu ezandleni zethu. Ngakho-ke, ukukhathazeka emphakathini akushintshi iziteshi; ukungakhululeki kuyanda kodwa akukho okukhombisa ushintsho olukhulu.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi awufuni ukukubiza ngokuthi unyaka olahlekile.

Izinguquko ezidingekayo eTurkey zidinga ukuguqulwa kwengqondo; awukwazi ukuxazulula inkinga yesiKurdish, ngokwesibonelo, ngokushintsha imithetho embalwa nje. Sidinga iphrojekthi yoguquko edidiyelwe. Kodwa ama-taboos amakhulu nawo ayaphulwa ezingqondweni; akukho esingakwazi ukuxoxa ngakho namuhla, kungaba ukuqeqeshwa kwezempi noma ukubuyisana nezenzo zonya zangaphambili njll. Kukhona ukuphuka kwengqondo okubi kakhulu, kodwa kufanele kube okuphelele futhi okungapheli.

Kodwa ukhulume nangezinkulumo mpikiswano zokubuyela emuva.

Le nkulumo-mpikiswano isebenza kwabanye kuphela, futhi lokhu kuyinkomba yokwehlukana, lokho kwezombusazwe okungachazwa njengokumele noma ngokumelene ne-AK Party. Ukube lokhu kubandlululana bekugxile kwezepolitiki kuphela… Sike saba nobandlululo empilweni yezepolitiki esikhathini esedlule, kodwa akukaze kube unomphela. Kodwa namuhla sinendaba yokuthi singubani, isibonelo. Empeleni akukho okubi ngokuthi abantu bazimisele ngokuphila ngobunjalo babo futhi baqhube ipolitiki phezu kobunjalo babo. Kodwa lokhu kungadala inkinga lapho kwakhiwa 'okusha.' Asikwazi ukubhala uMthethosisekelo noma sakhe ukuthula komphakathi kuphela mayelana nezimfuno zabangcwele noma besimanje noma amaKurds noma ama-Alevi. 'Okusha' kusho imithetho yohlelo lapho singaba khona sonke. Kudingeka sibambe izinga eliphezulu lokuvumelana. Kodwa uma ngiboshelwe izimfuno zami zokuthi ngingubani, ake sithi 'njengomuntu wesimanjemanje wenkolo,' lokhu kuyosho ukuthi ngeke ngikuqonde okufunwa yintombazane ethwele iduku. Yilapho iTurkey ivinjwe khona, njengoba amaqembu ezepolitiki engakwazi ukweqa ipolitiki yokuzazi. Undunankulu ucela intsha yezenkolo. Yebo, kunesidingo esinjalo emphakathini ngentsha engokwenkolo, kodwa akubona bonke abafuna lokho; kukhona nabantu abacela intsha ecabanga ngokukhululeka.

Kungani size kuleli phuzu?

Asikwazanga ukuphatha kahle uhlelo lwezinguquko. Asizange siguqule imodeli yokuqala yeriphabhulikhi. Lapho zonke izimpikiswano zethu ziboshelwe ukuvikela i-republic noma ukulungisa ama-akhawunti neriphabhulikhi, asikwazanga ukuxoxa ngezindaba ezifana nentando yeningi noma ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke.

Yiziphi izinkomba eziyinhloko zokukhuphuka kwe-polarization?

Sinocwaningo olunzulu kakhulu mayelana nodaba lwaseTurkey-Kurdish kusukela ngo-2005. Inani lalabo abafuna isisombululo esinokuthula endabeni yamaKurdish liyakhula, kodwa kunjalo nenani labantu abafuna izixazululo ezibhubhisayo. Indawo empunga phakathi kwalokhu kokubili iyancipha. Ukungezwani phakathi kwamaTurkey namaKurds kuyanda. Ingxenye yabantu baseTurkey ithi ayimfuni umakhelwane ongumKurd, kuyilapho lesi silinganiso siyingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu phakathi kwamaKurds. Nakuba udaba lwesi-Kurdish luqale njengenkinga phakathi komuntu ngamunye nombuso, namuhla seluzuze ubukhulu obuhlobene nezigaba zomphakathi. Nakuba besingayixazulula eminyakeni engama-20 edlule ngemithetho embalwa, kusukela namuhla sikhuluma ngesidingo sokukholisa labo abahlala e-İzmir. Ngaphezu kwalokho manje inobukhulu besifunda, njengoba sibonile ngenkinga yaseSyria, futhi mhlawumbe izoba nobukhulu bomhlaba ngokuzayo.

Enye indawo eshubile iphakathi kwempilo yesimanje kanye neyokukhonza/eyokugcina. Kunamaphepha, izincwadi, iziteshi ze-TV ngisho nemikhiqizo yasesitolo segilosa esiyilebula ngokuthi iphikisana nendlela yethu yokuphila. Sinocwaningo mayelana nokuhlobana phakathi kobunikazi bamasiko namathrendi omthengi. Kunomkhiqizo noma isevisi umthengi oyedwa kwabane athi iphambene nendlela yakhe yokuphila futhi angeke awuyise ekhaya ngisho noma bekumahhala. Kungaba khona okubi kunalokho?

Uma sibheka isilinganiso sabantu abanethemba lokuhle nabangenathemba mayelana nokuthi abantu bacabangani ngezindaba zezepolitiki zansuku zonke njengenhlekelele yaseSyria noma ukuguqulwa kwekhodi yokugqoka ezikoleni, sikhuluma ngemihlaba emibili ehlukene. Uma eTurkey izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zabanethemba lokuhle zibuthene eqenjini elilodwa futhi izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zabangenathemba zibuthelwe kwelinye iqembu, ingabe zivuna iqembu ngoba zingenathemba noma zingamathemba ngoba zikhetha lelo qembu; Ukuthi imibono yezepolitiki ikhethwa kangakanani iba yinkulumompikiswano efanele. Okungajwayelekile wukuthi senza izinto ngokuhambisana nepolitiki uma sihlaziya udaba oluthile empilweni yethu yansuku zonke. Lokhu kuyinkinga ngoba kusho ukuthi ukuhlaziya okusekelwe ekuhlakanipheni akusebenzi futhi sithatha konke ukuma kwethu ezigxotsheni esimi kuzo.

Ngithola lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuyingozi kakhulu ngoba uma kuqhubeka kanjalo futhi uma imibono yethu nezindlela zokuphila ziba uhlelo lwe-echo, futhi lokho esikutholile kubonisa lolo hlobo lwentuthuko, isinyathelo esilandelayo kuzoba ukutholwa ngomqondo womphakathi. Ngamanye amazwi ngizoya eholidini noma ngihlale komakhelwane noma ngisebenzise amabhange abantu abafana nami. Kodwa lo mphakathi udinga ukuba 'thina.' Futhi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngezandla zezepolitiki. Kodwa noma ngabe umphakathi usuqinile ngenxa yepolitiki noma ngabe ipolitiki isiqinile ngenxa yomphakathi, akungabazeki ukuthi ngamunye uthinta omunye.

Ngo-2012 okwaba yinkinga kakhulu wukuthi iqembu ngalinye lizakhele umdlalo walo ukuze livimbele ukuhlulwa kolunye uhlangothi. Ekupheleni kosuku sonke siyalahlekelwa. Isibonelo, asikwazi ukulindela isisombululo senkinga yesiKurd eqenjini elilodwa, kodwa ngenxa nje yokwehlukana kuya kuba nzima ukudala indawo yezingxoxo.

Kodwa lapho umbono wokuthi izinkinga ngeke zixazululwe usumila, khona-ke lokhu kuzothinta zonke izinto esizithandayo. Sizoqala ngisho ukubumba konke ukuhlela kwethu ngokuvumelana nokuba khona kwezinkinga. Uma siqala ukucabanga, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi akusoze kwaba khona ukubusa komthetho ezweni lakithi, siyoqala ukungami emarobhothini abomvu emgwaqeni.

Futhi uthi u-2012 kube unyaka lapho izinkomba ezibheke kuleyo ndawo bezilokhu zikhuphuka.

Yebo. Ngizama ukusho ukuthi umphakathi ukhala izinsimbi.

Kodwa naphezu kwakho konke lokhu kukhathazeka, umphakathi awukashintshi ukukhetha kwawo kwezombusazwe mayelana namaqembu.

Yebo, yingakho undunankulu ekholelwa ukuthi uhamba ngendlela, ngoba ukuvota okwenziwa isonto ngalinye akukhombisi ukulahlekelwa emavotini akhe. Kodwa inkolelo yakhe ayilungile ngoba kukhona ukungakhululeki, futhi kuyabila.

Ngemva kwalesi sithombe esibuhlungu sikhona yini isizathu sokuba nethemba?

Ubumsulwa nonembeza walo mphakathi naphezu kwakho konke kuyamangalisa. Okugcina ithemba lami liphila ngemva kwenhlolovo ngayinye ukutusa kwami ​​ukungabi nangqondo kwalo mphakathi.

Lapho sibheka isimo ngasinye, singase sicasuke ngalo makhelwane noma ngalowo mninisitolo, kodwa lapho onembeza babantu abayizigidi ezingu-75 behlangana, umphakathi unikeza le ndlela yokusabela: Ezimpilweni zabo zansuku zonke, abantu bazolile, bayabekezelelana futhi bathanda izinto eziningi. Akungikhathazi uma umthengisi wami eyi-Alevi noma iKurd noma intokazi ehlanzayo efika endlini yami ifake iduku. Kodwa uma ngibuka ngaphandle ngefasitela, wonke lo msindo engiwuzwa ngepolitiki nabezindaba ungenza ngingakhululeki futhi ungitshela ukuthi kunenkinga. Ngithi, 'Ngicabanga ukuthi owesifazane ofake iduku endlini yami muhle, kodwa abanye bazonginquma uqhoqhoqho.' Bese ngibheka embusweni futhi ngifuna umbuso ungivikele. Olunye uhlangothi lwami lunethemba, lubekezelela futhi luxube izinto eziningi kodwa olunye luyesaba futhi luyasaba ukuthatha ubungozi. Inkinga eTurkey yindlela ipolitiki eziphatha ngayo lezi zinhlangothi ezimbili ngaphakathi kwethu.

UBANI u-BEKİR AĞIRDIR?