I-China 'iwahlanza' kanjani ama-Uighur emakamu amajele
amazwibela abezindaba"Induku kagesi ngemuva kwekhanda" - owayeyisiboshwa uchaze izimo ekamu eliyimfihlo
Imininingwane yemibhalo eputshuziwe okokuqala ngqa ngohlelo lwase-China lokuhlanzwa kwengqondo kwamakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaMuslim kunethiwekhi yamakamu amajele avikeleke kakhulu.
Imibhalo eputshuziwe kahulumeni waseShayina, i-ICIJ eyibize ngokuthi “The China Cables”, ihlanganisa imemo enamakhasi ayisishiyagalolunye eyathunyelwa ngo-2017 nguZhu Hailun, ngaleso sikhathi owayeyiphini likanobhala weQembu lamaKhomanisi laseXinjiang kanye nesikhulu esiphezulu sezokuphepha esifundeni, kulabo abagijimayo. amakamu.
Uhulumeni waseChina ubelokhu ethi amakamu asendaweni esentshonalanga yeXinjiang ahlinzeka ngemfundo nokuqeqeshwa ngokuzithandela.
Kodwa imibhalo esemthethweni, ikhombisa ukuthi iziboshwa zikhiywa kanjani, zifundiswa futhi zijeziswe kanjani.
Ukuvuza kwenziwa ku- I-International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), esisebenze nabalingani bemidiya abangu-17.
Uphenyo seluthole ubufakazi obusha obubukela phansi isimangalo sikaBeijing sokuthi amakamu okuboshwa, akhiwe kulo lonke elase-Xinjiang eminyakeni emithathu edlule, ezezinjongo zokufundisa kabusha ngokuzithandela ukuze kuliwe nokweqisa.
Cishe abantu abayisigidi - iningi labo abavela emphakathini wama-Muslim Uighur - kucatshangwa ukuthi baboshwe ngaphandle kokuqulwa kwecala.
Le miyalelo ikubeka kucace ukuthi lezi zinkambu kufanele ziphathwe njengamajele aqaphe kakhulu, anezigwegwe eziqinile, ajeziswe futhi kungabi bikho ukweqa.
Imemo ihlanganisa imiyalo yokuthi:
- “Ungalokothi uvumele ukubaleka”
- "Khuphula isiyalo nesijeziso sokwephulwa kokuziphatha"
- “Thuthukisa ukuphenduka nokuvuma izono”
- "Yenza izifundo zokulungisa isiMandarin zize kuqala"
- “Khuthaza abafundi ukuthi baguqule ngokweqiniso”
- “[Qinisekisa] ukubhekwa okugcwele kwevidiyo kwezindlu zokulala namakilasi angenazo izindawo ezingaboni emehlweni”
Le mibhalo iveza ukuthi zonke izingxenye zempilo yesiboshwa zigadwa futhi zilawulwe kanjani: “Abafundi kufanele babe nendawo yombhede engashintshi, indawo yolayini engashintshi, isihlalo esingaguquki sokufundela, nesiteshi esingashintshi ngesikhathi somsebenzi wamakhono, futhi kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi lokhu kushintshwe. .
“Sebenzisa izimiso zokuziphatha kanye nezimfuneko zokuziphatha zokuvuka, ukubiza amagama, ukuwasha, ukuya endlini yangasese, ukuhlela nokunakekela indlu, ukudla, ukufunda, ukulala, ukuvala umnyango nokunye.”
Eminye imibhalo iqinisekisa isilinganiso esingavamile sokuboshwa. Enye iveza ukuthi abantu abangu-15,000 abavela eningizimu yeXinjiang bathunyelwa emakamu phakathi nesonto elilodwa nje ngo-2017.
USophie Richardson, umqondisi waseChina kwaHuman Rights Watch, uthe imemo eputshuziwe kufanele isetshenziswe ngabashushisi.
“Lobu wubufakazi obungathathelwa izinyathelo, obuveza ukwephulwa kwamalungelo abantu ngendlela embi kakhulu,” kusho yena. “Ngicabanga ukuthi kulungile ukuchaza wonke umuntu oboshiwe njengabahlukunyezwayo ngokwengqondo, ngoba abazi ukuthi bazohlala isikhathi esingakanani lapho.
Imemo ichaza ukuthi iziboshwa zizodedelwa kanjani kuphela uma zingabonisa ukuthi ziguqule ukuziphatha kwazo, izinkolelo nolimi lwazo.
"Khuthaza ukuphenduka nokuvuma kwabafundi ukuze baqonde ngokujulile isimo esingekho emthethweni, ubugebengu kanye nobungozi bomsebenzi wabo wesikhathi esidlule," kusho.
"Kulabo abanokuqonda okungacacile, izimo zengqondo ezingezinhle noma imizwa yokumelana ... benze uguquko lwezemfundo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi imiphumela iyafinyelelwa."
U-Ben Emmerson QC, ummeli ophambili wamalungelo abantu kanye nomeluleki we-World Uighur Congress, uthe amakamu azama ukuguqula ubuntu babantu.
“Kunzima kakhulu ukukubheka njenganoma yini enye ngaphandle kwesu elikhulu lokuhlakaza ingqondo eliklanywe futhi liqondiswe kuwo wonke umphakathi wezinhlanga.
"Kuwuguquko oluphelele oluklanyelwe ukusula ama-Uighurs amaSulumane aseXinjiang njengeqembu elihlukile lamasiko ebusweni boMhlaba."
Izinkambu ezifihliwe zaseChina
Ababoshiwe baklonyeliswa ngamaphuzu “ngokuguquka kwemibono, ukufunda nokuqeqeshwa, kanye nokuthobela isiyalo”, kusho imemo.
Uhlelo lokujezisa kanye nemivuzo lusiza ekunqumeni ukuthi iziboshwa ziyavunyelwa yini ukuthintana nomndeni nokuthi zidedelwa nini. Bacatshangelwa ukuthi bakhululwe kuphela uma amakomiti amane eQembu LamaKhomanisi esebone ubufakazi bokuthi aguquliwe.
Imibhalo eputshuziwe iphinde iveze ukuthi uhulumeni waseShayina usebenzisa kanjani ukubhekwa kwabantu abaningi kanye nohlelo lwamaphoyisa oluqagelayo oluhlaziya imininingwane yomuntu.
Omunye umbhalo ubonisa ukuthi isistimu imake kanjani abantu abangu-1.8m ngenxa nje yokuthi babenohlelo lokusebenza lokwabelana ngedatha olubizwa ngokuthi i-Zapya ocingweni lwabo.
Iziphathimandla zabe seziyalela ukuthi kuphenywe abangu-40,557 kubo “ngabanye”. Lo mbhalo uthi "uma kungenakwenzeka ukuqeda izinsolo" kufanele bathunyelwe "ukuqeqeshwa okugxilile".
Le mibhalo ihlanganisa neziqondiso ezicacile zokubopha ama-Uighur anezakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe kanye nokulandelela ama-Uighur ahlala phesheya. Baphakamisa ukuthi amanxusa namanxusa aseShayina abambe iqhaza kulo mhlaba wokudonsa.
Inxusa laseChina e-UK uLiu Xiaoming uthe lezi zinyathelo zivikele abantu bendawo futhi akukaze kube nokuhlasela kwamaphekula okukodwa eXinjiang eminyakeni emithathu edlule.
“Lesi sifunda manje sesijabulela ukuzinza nobunye phakathi kwezinhlanga. Abantu bakhona baphila ukuphila okujabulisayo abanomuzwa onamandla wokwaneliseka nokulondeka.
“Ngaphandle kokunganaki amaqiniso, abanye abantu baseNtshonalanga bebelokhu benyundela futhi behlambalaza iChina ngeXinjiang bezama ukwenza izaba zokugxambukela ezindabeni zangaphakathi zaseChina, baphazamise imizamo yaseChina yokulwa nobushokobezi eXinjiang futhi babhuntshise intuthuko eqhubekayo yaseChina. ”
