UMengameli waseMelika uBarack Obama uqophe umlando njengengqalabutho ngezindlela eziningi. Ungumongameli wokuqala omnyama, uSenator wokuqala omnyama ngisho nomongameli wokuqala obhemayo eminyakeni eminingi. Kokubili i-US kanye nomhlaba wonke bebelindele lukhulu ku-Obama. Akazange ahlangane nabo bonke, okuqondakalayo. Umongameli wase-US ungumuntu othembekile.
Ngokomlando wakhe osemthethweni, uBarack Hussein Obama, Jr. wazalwa ngo-August 4, 1961, e-Honolulu, inhloko-dolobha yeSifundazwe saseHawaii. Abanye abaphikisana lomongameli bathi incwadi yakhe yokuzalwa ingeyomgunyathi, njalo wazalelwa eKenya. Ukube lokhu bekuyiqiniso, u-Obama ubengeke abe nelungelo lokungenela umengameli. Nokho, “abazala” babengenabo ubufakazi obufakazela inkolelo-mbono yabo. U-Obama wayeyinhloko yezwe yokuqala eyazalelwa eHawaii, okwathi ngenhlanhla yaba yizwe laseMelika eminyakeni emibili nje ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukamongameli wakusasa.
U-Obama ubizwa ngomengameli wokuqala omnyama waseMelika. Lokhu kuyiqiniso, kodwa ngokubhukha okuthile. Uyise, u-Barack Obama Sr. wayengowokuzalwa eKenya, ephuma emndenini wamaMuslim. Unina, uStanley Ann Dunham, wayengumMelika omhlophe ophuma emndenini ocebile futhi eyinzalo yamaNgisi, amaScottish, ama-Irish, amaJalimane ngisho namaNdiya. Ngokusho kwenganekwane, phakathi kokhokho bakhe kwakukhona ngisho namakhosi aseScotland.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyinhloko yokuqala yezwe uyise wayengumSulumane. Akukhona lokho kuphela, ingxenye yempilo yakhe (iminyaka eyi-6 kuye kweyi-10), u-Obama wayehlala e-Indonesia yamaSulumane isakhamuzi saso esashada nonina. U-Obama ungumProthestani, ngakho ubungeke umbize ngomongameli wokuqala oyiMuslim. Okunye ukubhuka mayelana nezimpande zika-Obama zase-Afrika ukuthi akayona inzalo yezigqila zase-Afrika, njengabantu abaningi abamnyama e-US Abazali bakhe bahlukana eneminyaka emithathu ubudala, futhi wakhulela emndenini kanina.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-10, u-Obama wabuyela eHawaii, lapho ahlala khona nogogo nomkhulu wakhe ozala umama. Uthole iziqu esikoleni esihlonishwayo, kwase - Columbia University lapho afunda khona ubudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe, kwathi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980 waphothula eHarvard Law School. Umongameli ngokwakhe uvumile ukuthi akazange akhombise ukuziphatha okuyisibonelo ngesikhathi esekolishi. Wayephuza, ebhema insangu, ezama ne-cocaine. Wayeka ukubhema ngo-2010 kuphela. Ngakho u-Obama angaphinde abizwe ngomongameli wokuqala obhemayo eminyakeni eminingi. UDwight Eisenhower, owakhethwa ngo-1952 nango-1956, nguyena kuphela umongameli obhemayo.
Maphakathi nawo-1980, u-Obama wayenobudlelwano nendodakazi yenxusa lase-Australia uGenevieve Cook. Ezincwadini zakhe, lo wesifazane uvumile ukuthi u-Obama wayemnene, kodwa ebanda. Wayenomhawu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Nokho, uGenevieve akazange aphikelele, futhi u-Obama ukhethe omunye wesifazane, ummeli omnyama uMichelle Robinson, emshadweni - Obama. Bashada ngo-1992 futhi kamuva baba namadodakazi amabili, uMalia noSasha. Entwasahlobo ka-2010 iGlobe umagazini washicilela isihloko esasithi phakathi neminyaka yawo-2000. U-Obama wayenobudlelwane nomsizi wakhe uVera Baker. Nokho, ukushicilelwa kwehlulekile. Ethula inkulumo yakhe yokuqokwa kabusha, umongameli uthe umthanda kakhulu uMichelle kunakuqala.
U-Obama waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokuba ngumgqugquzeli womphakathi ezindaweni zaseChicago ezazintula amathuba. Usebenze e-International Business Corporation kanye nesikhungo socwaningo saseNew York. Ngenkathi engumfundi eHarvard, waba umhleli wokuqala omnyama we-Harvard Law Review. Wonke umuntu wavuma ikhono elihle lika-Obama lokukhuluma. Akumangazi ukuthi ekugcineni waba usopolitiki.
Kuthatha omongameli abaningi base-US amashumi eminyaka ukufika ehhovisi eliphakeme lomphakathi. U-Obama wafika e-White House ngokushesha, phakathi neminyaka eyi-12. Ngo-1996 wakhethwa eSenate yase-Illinois esuka kuDemocratic Party, wabe esephinda wakhethwa kabili (ngo-1998 nango-2002). Wazuza udumo ngokusebenza ezinhlelweni ezisekela imindeni ehola kancane kanye nemfundo.
Ngo-2000, wazama ukuba yilungu leNdlu, kodwa wahlulwa okhethweni lwangaphakathi lweqembu. Ngemva kweminyaka emine, wakwazi ukufika esicongweni. Uwine ngendlela egculisayo ama-primaries eSenate yaseMelika esuka e-Illinois, wagcina ehlule imbangi yakhe yaseRiphabhulikhi, wathola amavoti angama-70%. Ngenxa yalokho, waba uSenator wokuqala omnyama e-US
Phakathi kwawo wonke ama-senator u-Obama wayebonakala ekhululekile kakhulu futhi "kwesokunxele" kunazo zonke, uma leli gama lingasetshenziswa e-US engenayo iphiko lesobunxele elinamandla. Ukhulume evuna ukuthuthukiswa kokuhlinzekwa kwamasosha asuswe e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan. Ugxeke kakhulu ukuphathwa kukaGeorge W. Bush, wakhuluma ngokumelene nokuvalwa kokuhushulwa kwezisu, wagcizelela nokubaluleka kokulwa nokushisa komhlaba.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2007, u-Obama wamemezela ukuthi uzongenela ukhetho lokuba ngumongameli. Ekuqaleni, u-Hillary Clinton ubeyintandokazi eqenjini leDemocratic Alliance, kodwa kumaprimaries u-Obama wahola. Ukukhetha phakathi komongameli wesifazane wokuqala kanye nomongameli wokuqala omnyama kwavuna laba bamuva. Lokhu bekudalwe wukuthi u-Obama ubemusha kwephezulu futhi emele uguquko kunoClinton, umakadebona kwezombusazwe.
Inani leminikelo eya ku-Obama ngesikhathi somkhankaso wokhetho lalilikhulu kangangokuba waba ngowokuqala ukushiya uxhaso kuhulumeni. Impi yase-Iraq, imiphumela esabekayo yesiphepho "Katrina", inkinga yezomnotho kanye nezinqubomgomo ezibuthakathaka zezenhlalakahle ziye zaphazamisa ukwethembeka kwamaRiphabhulikhi. NgoNovemba 2008, u-Obama wayengaphambi kukaJohn McCain ngokuzethemba futhi waba nguMongameli wama-44 wase-United States.
U-Obama uzuze ifa elinzima, futhi ngeke sithi wabhekana ngokugcwele nemiphumela yale nkinga. Isikweletu sikazwelonke sezwe sika-2009-2012 sifinyelele isamba sezinkanyezi esingu-$14 trillion. Umongameli wayefuna ukuhlinzeka ngomshuwalense wezempilo kubo bonke abantu, kuhlanganise nabamele abampofu kakhulu, kodwa ukuguqulwa kokunakekelwa kwezempilo akukaqedwa ngokugcwele. Wenza konke ukuxhasa abampofu nokukhuphula intela kwabacebile, okwabangela ukunganeliseki kwamaRiphabhulikhi. Ngenxa yalokho, abanye abaphikisi baze babiza u-Obama ngokuthi "i-socialist."
Kunqubomgomo yangaphandle, u-Obama wayezama ukwenza iMelika ibukeke njengomuntu. Wenza izinkulumo ezinokuthula ePrague naseCairo, waze wawina uMklomelo Wokuthula KaNobel ngo-2009. Akukaze kwenzeke ukuthi uMongameli athole indondo ephakeme kangaka onyakeni wokuqala wehlandla likamongameli. Lowo mklomelo ubungomunye wempikiswano enkulu emlandweni, futhi kubonakala sengathi u-Obama akakakuthetheleli ngokugcwele obekulindelwe.
U-Obama uhoxise amasosha e-Iraq futhi wathembisa ukwenza okufanayo nase-Afghanistan. Nokho, ngo-2011 i-USA yabamba iqhaza elikhulu empini ebhekene neLibya yase iqala ukufaka ingcindezi eSyria. Abaphathi base-US bazama ukuxazulula ingxabano engapheli yama-Arab-Israel, kodwa ayizange iphumelele. Ukuqedwa kuka-Osama bin Laden kuyimpumelelo ebalulekile ka-Obama, kodwa ukuqedwa “kwenombolo yokuqala yamaphekula” akuzange kulethe ukuthula.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kweMelika neRussia buye baba ngcono ngaphansi kuka-Obama. Umongameli waqala "ukusetha kabusha." La mazwe womabili asayine isivumelwano se-Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START-3), futhi u-Obama wenqaba ukubeka imicibisholo yokuzivikela ePoland naseCzech Republic. Kodwa-ke, unqume ukwakha uhlelo olusha lokuvikela imicibisholo futhi ufuna ukuhambisa izakhi zalo eduze komngcele waseRussia. Izikhulu zokuphatha zase-US zihlale zigxeka iRussia ngeSyria. Ekugcineni, "ukusetha kabusha" kumile.
Manje u-Obama usebhekene nezinselelo ezintsha. Uzobe esebenzela umlando. Nokho, izwe akufanele lilindele lukhulu. Amandla kaMongameli wase-USA awamakhulu njengoba kubonakala ekuqaleni. Uphoqeleka ukuthi abhekane neCongress, abakwa-lobbyists, kanye nebhizinisi. Nokho, umongameli uyakwazi ukwenza ngcono isimo e-United States nangale kwayo. Kufanele silinde iminyaka emine ukuze sibone ukuthi uMengameli wokuqala omnyama wenza kahle kangakanani.
(Pravda.ru)
