Yayiyini imisebenzi emithathu kaMuhammad ('alaihi 's-salâm) [1]
U-Imâm Muhammad al-Ghazâlî (rahmat-Allâhi 'alaih) wabhala ku U-Kimyâ-yi uthi: “Kuyinto ekude ngomSulumane ukwazi futhi akholwe ngokuyinhloko incazelo yale nkulumo Lâ ilaha ill-Allah, Muhammadun Rasûl-Allah. Lesi sisho sibizwa ngokuthi umusho we-at-tawhid. Kwanele ukuthi wonke umSulumane akholwe ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuthi lo musho usho ukuthini. Akubona kude ngaye ukufakazela ngobufakazi noma ukwanelisa ingqondo yakhe. U-Rasûlullâh (sall-Allâhu 'alaihi wa sallâm) akazange ayale ama-Arabhu ukuthi azi noma akhulume ngobufakazi obufanele noma afune futhi acacise noma yikuphi ukungabaza okungenzeka. Wabayala ukuba bakholwe kuphela, bangangabazi. Kwanele ukuba wonke umuntu akholwe kafushane. Nokho kuyifard kifâya ukuthi kufanele kube khona 'âlim abambalwa kuwo wonke amadolobha. Kuwu-wâjib kulaba 'âlim ukwazi ubufakazi, basuse ukungabaza, futhi baphendule imibuzo. Bafana nabelusi bamaSulumane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, babafundisa ulwazi lwe-îmân, okuwulwazi lwenkolelo, futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, baphendula ukunyundela kwezitha ze-Islâm.”
“I-Qur'ân al-karîm yasho incazelo ye- kalimat at-tawhîd futhi u-Rasûlullah (sall-Allâhu 'alaihi wa sallam) wachaza lokho okumenyezelwe kuyo. Bonke u-as-Sabât al-Kirâm bazifunda lezi zincazelo futhi bazidlulisela kulabo ababeza emva kwabo. Izazi eziphakeme ezisidlulisele lokho okwakhulunywa yi-as-Sahâbat al-Kirâm, ngokuzibophezela ezincwadini zabo ngaphandle kokwenza izinguquko kuzo, zibizwa ngokuthi. Ahl as-Sunna. Wonke umuntu kufanele afunde i-i'tiqâd ye-Ahl as-Sunna futhi ahlangane futhi athandane. Imbewu yenjabulo yile i'tiqâd kanye nalokhu kuhlangana.”
“U-Allâhu ta'âlâ wathumela abaprofethi ('alaihimu 's-salâm) ezidalweni zaKhe ezingabantu. Ngalaba bantu abakhulu, Wabonisa izidalwa Zakhe ezingabantu izenzo eziletha injabulo kanye nalezo ezibangela incithakalo. Umprofethi ophakeme kakhulu Muhammad ('alaihi 's-salâm), uMprofethi Wokugcina. Wathunyelwa njengoMprofethi kuwo wonke umuntu, ongcwele noma ongakholwa, kuzo zonke izindawo nakuzo zonke izizwe emhlabeni. UnguMprofethi wabo bonke abantu, izingelosi kanye nezazi. Kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba, wonke umuntu kufanele amlandele futhi azivumelanise nalomProfethi ophakeme.”[2]
Isazi esikhulu noMurshid-i-kâmil Sayyid 'Abdulhakîm-i Arwâsî[3] (rahmat-Allâhi 'alaih) wathi: “URasûlullâh (sall-Allâhu 'alaihi wa sallam) wayenemisebenzi emithathu:
1.Eyokuqala kwaba ukuxhumana nokwenza kwaziwe (tabligh) imithetho yeQur'ân al-karîm, okungukuthi, ulwazi lwe-îmân kanye ne-ahkâm fiqhiyya, kubo bonke abantu. Umthetho yakhiwe izenzo eziyaliwe kanye nezenzo ezinqatshelwe.
2. Umsebenzi wakhe wesibili kwaba ukudlulisa imithetho kamoya yeKur'ân al-karîm, ulwazi ngo-Allâhu ta'âlâ Uqobo Lwakhe kanye Nezimfanelo Zakhe, ezinhliziyweni zabaphakeme kuphela boMma wakhe.
3.Umsebenzi wesithathu wenziwa kulawo maMuslim ahluleka ukuthobela izeluleko nezixwayiso mayelana nokwenza i-ahkâm fiqhiyya. Ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuze balalele i-ahkâm fiqhiyya.
Emva kuka-Rasûlullah (sall-Allâhu 'alayhi wa sallam), uKhalifas ngamunye kwabane (radî-Allâhu 'anhum) wayifeza kahle le misebenzi emithathu. Ngesikhathi sika-Hadrat Hasan (radî-Allâhu 'anh), ama-fitna nama-bid'as anda. I-Islâm yayisakazeke emazwekazini amathathu. Ukukhanya komoya ka-Rasûlullah (sall-Allâhu 'alaihi wa sallam) kwase kwehlile emhlabeni. I-as-Sahâbat al-kirâm (radî-Allâhu 'anhum) yehlile ngenani. Kamuva, akekho owakwazi ukwenza yonke le misebenzi emithathu eyedwa. Ngakho-ke, le misebenzi yenziwa amaqembu amathathu abantu.
Umsebenzi wokukhulumisana nge-îmân ne-ahkâm fiqhiyya wabelwa abaholi benkolo ababizwa ngokuthi. ama-mujtahid. Phakathi kwalaba mujtahid, labo ababekhuluma nge-îmân babebizwa mutakallimun, futhi labo abaxhumana fiqh babizwa fuqa.
Umsebenzi wesibili, okungukuthi, ukwenza lawo maSulumane azimisele aqonde imithetho kamoya ye-Qur'ân al-karîm, wabelwa ama-Imâm ayishumi nambili ka-Ahl al-Bayt (rahmat-Allâhi ta'âlâ 'alaihim) nakubantu abakhulu be-tasawwuf. .
Umsebenzi wesithathu, onemithetho yenkolo eyenziwa ngamandla nangegunya, wabelwa amasultan, okungukuthi ohulumeni.
Izigaba zekilasi lokuqala zazibizwa ama-madhhab. Kwabizwa izigaba zesibili i-tarîqas, kwasekubizwa owesithathu khuq (imithetho). Ama-madhhab achaza i-îmân abizwa ama-madhhabs ku-i'tiqâd.” Lesi isiphetho sengcaphuno yethu evela ku-Abdulhakîm Efendi.
[1] Ref: Lezi zigaba zicashunwe encwadini ethi “Ubumnandi obungapheli” ikhasi lokuqala le-fascicle 193, okuyinguqulo yencwadi ethi “Tam İlmihal Seâdet-i Ebediye” ibhalwe ngu-Hüseyn Hilmi Işık 'rahimahullâhu ta'âlâ,' owashona ngo-1422 AH (2001 AD) e-Istanbul / Turkey. Ibhuku "Tam İlmihal Seâdet-i Ebediye” futhi "Ubumnandi obungapheli” eshicilelwe ngabakwa- Hakikat Kitabevi, Istanbul. Ungathola lonke ibhuku kanye nezinye izincwadi ezibalulekile kusizindalwazi esithi www.hakikatkitabevi.com.tr futhi ulande ngefomethi ye-PDF ye-Adobe Acrobat Reader, ifomethi ye-EPUB yamadivayisi we-iPhone-iPad-Mac kanye nefomethi ye-MOBI yedivayisi ye-Amazon Kindle.
[2] Kimyâ' as-Sa'âda. UMuhammad al-Ghazâlî (rahmat-Allâhi ta'âlâ 'alaih) wayengomunye wezifundiswa ezinkulu ze-Islâm. Wabhala amakhulu ezincwadi. Zonke izincwadi zakhe ziyigugu kakhulu. Wazalwa ngo-450/1068 eTûs, okungukuthi eMeshhed, ePheresiya, futhi washonela khona ngo-505/1111.
[3] Wazalelwa e-Başkal'a ngo-1281/1864 futhi washona e-Ankara ngo-1362/194.
I-Turkey Tribune
